Epstein Secrets

401 (2d Cir. 2004) 6, 9 Kaiser Aluminum & Chem. Corp. v. Bonjorno, 494 U.S. 827 (1990) 3 Kawashima v. Holder, 565 U.S. 478 (2012) Landgraf v. USI Film Products, 511 U.S. 244 (1994) Leocal v. Ashcroft, 11 passim 543 U.S. 1 (2004) 11 Martin v. Hadix, 527 U.S. 343 (1999) 6 Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S

andgraf v. USI Film Products, 511 U.S. 244 (1994) Leocal v. Ashcroft, 11 passim 543 U.S. 1 (2004) 11 Martin v. Hadix, 527 U.S. 343 (1999) 6 Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29 (2009) 12, 13 Shular v. United States, 140 S. Ct. 779 (2020) 11, 14 Toussie v. United States, 397 U.S. 112 (1970) 8, 9

the government cites in which the Court applied a fact-based approach to an "offense involving" statute—does not break this line of cases at all. In Nijhawan, the statutory provision at issue referred to "an offense that . . . involves fraud or deceit in which the loss to the victim or victims exceeds $1

779314 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 2, 2010) .Johnson v. United States, 520 U.S. 461 (1997) 200 Kungvs v. United States, 485 U.S. 759 (1988) 222 Landgralv. USI Film Products, 511 U.S. 244 (1994) 35,36,41,42 Leocal v. Ashcroft, 543 U.S. 1 (2004) 56, 57 Madanes v. Madanes, 186 F.R.D. 279 (S.D.N.Y. 1999) 141 Martin

he categorical approach. 39 EFTA00100006 `Involving' . . is equally consistent with applying a fact-based approach." 865 F.3d at 60 n.11 (citing Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29,38 (2009) (applying the circumstances-specific approach to a statute containing the word "involves")). Moreover, as the Weing

14 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 2, 2010) 111 Johnson v. United States, 520 U.S. 461 (1997) 200 Kungys v. United States, 485 U.S. 759 (1988) 222 Landgraf v. USI Film Products, 511 U.S. 244 (1994) 35,36, 41, 42 Leocal v. Ashcroft, 543 U.S. 1 (2004) 56, 57 Madanes v. Madanes, 186 F.R.D. 279 (S.D.N.Y. 1999) 141 Marti

the categorical approach. 'Involving' . is equally consistent with applying a fact-based approach." 865 F.3d at 60 n.11 39 EFTA00077671 (citing Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29, 38 (2009) (applying the circumstances-specific approach to a statute containing the word "involves")). Moreover, as the Wein

14 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 2, 2010) 111 Johnson v. United States, 520 U.S. 461 (1997) 200 Kungys v. United States, 485 U.S. 759 (1988) 222 Landgraf v. USI Film Products, 511 U.S. 244 (1994) 35,36, 41, 42 Leocal v. Ashcroft, 543 U.S. 1 (2004) 56, 57 Madanes v. Madanes, 186 F.R.D. 279 (S.D.N.Y. 1999) 141 Marti

the categorical approach. 'Involving' . is equally consistent with applying a fact-based approach." 865 F.3d at 60 n.11 39 EFTA00039486 (citing Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29, 38 (2009) (applying the circumstances-specific approach to a statute containing the word "involves")). Moreover, as the Wein

v. Nader, 425 F. Supp. 3d 619, 624-30 (E.D. Va. 2019) (holding that the 2003 amendment of § 3283 applies to pre-enactment conduct). In Landgraf v. USI Film Products, 511 U.S. 244 (1994), the Supreme Court set forth a two-part framework for determining whether a statute applies retroactively. At step one of the

r the categorical approach. `Involving' . is equally consistent with applying a fact-based approach." 865 F.3d at 60 n.I 39 EFTA00095131 (citing Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29, 38 (2009) (applying the circumstances-specific approach to a statute containing the word "involves")). Moreover, as the Wein

4 (S.D.N.Y. Mar. 2, 2010) 111 Johnson v. United States, 520 U.S. 461 (1997) 200 Kungys v. United States, 485 U.S. 759 (1988) 222 Landgraf v. USI Film Products, 511 U.S. 244 (1994) 35,36,41,42 Leocal v. Ashcroft, 543 U.S. 1 (2004) 56, 57 Madanes v. Madanes, 186 F.R.D. 279 (S.D.N.Y. 1999) 141 Martin

the categorical approach. 39 EFTA00103064 `Involving' . is equally consistent with applying a fact-based approach." 865 F.3d at 60 n.11 (citing Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29, 38 (2009) (applying the circumstances-specific approach to a statute containing the word "involves")). Moreover, as the Wein

t . . . involves fraud or deceit in which the loss to the victim or victims exceeds $10,000" is "consistent with a circumstance-specific approach." Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29, 32, 38 (2009) (emphasis added). Thus, the word "involves" generally means that courts should look to the circumstances of an

9th Cir. 2006). The Supreme Court has set out a two-step framework to determine whether a federal statute applies to past conduct. See Landgraf v. USI Film Products, 511 U.S. 244, 280 (1994). Courts look first to the language of the statute. If the statute states that it applies to past conduct, courts must so

t . . . involves fraud or deceit in which the loss to the victim or victims exceeds $10,000" is "consistent with a circumstance-specific approach." Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29, 32, 38 (2009) (emphasis added). Thus, the word "involves" generally means that courts should look to the circumstances of an

9th Cir. 2006). The Supreme Court has set out a two-step framework to determine whether a federal statute applies to past conduct. See Landgraf v. USI Film Products, 511 U.S. 244, 280 (1994). Courts look first to the language of the statute. If the statute states that it applies to past conduct, courts must so

t . . . involves fraud or deceit in which the loss to the victim or victims exceeds $10,000" is "consistent with a circumstance-specific approach." Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29, 32, 38 (2009) (emphasis added). Thus, the word "involves" generally means that courts should look to the circumstances of an

9th Cir. 2006). The Supreme Court has set out a two-step framework to determine whether a federal statute applies to past conduct. See Landgraf v. USI Film Products, 511 U.S. 244, 280 (1994). Courts look first to the language of the statute. If the statute states that it applies to past conduct, courts must so