andgraf v. USI Film Products, 511 U.S. 244 (1994) Leocal v. Ashcroft, 11 passim 543 U.S. 1 (2004) 11 Martin v. Hadix, 527 U.S. 343 (1999) 6 Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29 (2009) 12, 13 Shular v. United States, 140 S. Ct. 779 (2020) 11, 14 Toussie v. United States, 397 U.S. 112 (1970) 8, 9

the government cites in which the Court applied a fact-based approach to an "offense involving" statute—does not break this line of cases at all. In Nijhawan, the statutory provision at issue referred to "an offense that . . . involves fraud or deceit in which the loss to the victim or victims exceeds $1

t . . . involves fraud or deceit in which the loss to the victim or victims exceeds $10,000" is "consistent with a circumstance-specific approach." Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29, 32, 38 (2009) (emphasis added). Thus, the word "involves" generally means that courts should look to the circumstances of an

t . . . involves fraud or deceit in which the loss to the victim or victims exceeds $10,000" is "consistent with a circumstance-specific approach." Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29, 32, 38 (2009) (emphasis added). Thus, the word "involves" generally means that courts should look to the circumstances of an

the categorical approach. 39 EFTA00103064 `Involving' . is equally consistent with applying a fact-based approach." 865 F.3d at 60 n.11 (citing Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29, 38 (2009) (applying the circumstances-specific approach to a statute containing the word "involves")). Moreover, as the Wein

he categorical approach. 39 EFTA00100006 `Involving' . . is equally consistent with applying a fact-based approach." 865 F.3d at 60 n.11 (citing Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29,38 (2009) (applying the circumstances-specific approach to a statute containing the word "involves")). Moreover, as the Weing

the categorical approach. 'Involving' . is equally consistent with applying a fact-based approach." 865 F.3d at 60 n.11 39 EFTA00077671 (citing Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29, 38 (2009) (applying the circumstances-specific approach to a statute containing the word "involves")). Moreover, as the Wein

the categorical approach. 'Involving' . is equally consistent with applying a fact-based approach." 865 F.3d at 60 n.11 39 EFTA00039486 (citing Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29, 38 (2009) (applying the circumstances-specific approach to a statute containing the word "involves")). Moreover, as the Wein

t . . . involves fraud or deceit in which the loss to the victim or victims exceeds $10,000" is "consistent with a circumstance-specific approach." Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29, 32, 38 (2009) (emphasis added). Thus, the word "involves" generally means that courts should look to the circumstances of an

r the categorical approach. `Involving' . is equally consistent with applying a fact-based approach." 865 F.3d at 60 n.I 39 EFTA00095131 (citing Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29, 38 (2009) (applying the circumstances-specific approach to a statute containing the word "involves")). Moreover, as the Wein