may proceed with this claim. Wantanabe Realty Corp. v. City of New York, 01 Civ. 10187(LAK), 2003 WL 22862646, at *4 (S.D.N-Y. Dec. 3., 2003) (citing Pittman, 149 F.3d at 122-28). 8. Negligence [86-88] In New York, a plaintiff may establish negligent infliction of emotional distress under the bystander o

- tious under New York law. Robinson, 269 F.3d at 142. In New York, conspiracy and aiding and abetting are varieties of con- certed action liability. Pittman v. Gray- son, 149 F.8d 111, 122 (@d Cir.1998). There must be “(1) an express or tacit agreement to ‘participate in a common plan or design to commit

e for acting in concert with the primary tortfeasor under either theory, the defendant must know the wrongful nature of the primary actor’s conduct. Pittman v. Grayson, 149 F.3d 111, 122—23 (2d Cir.1998). Accordingly, to survive these Rule 12(b)(1) motions to dismiss, Plaintiffs must plead facts from whic