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— quit Arab lands. In Tunisia, a hairdresser-turned-despot's wife, Leila Ben Ali, now pronounced on all public matters; in Egypt the despot's son, Gamal Mubarak, brazenly staked a claim to power over 80 million people; in Syria, Hafez al-Assad had pulled off a stunning feat, turning a once-rebellious republ
ck in Libya, the counterrevolution made its stand, and a despot bereft of mercy declared war against his own people. In the calendar of Muammar el- Qaddafi's republic of fear and terror, Sept. 1 marks the coming to power, in 1969, of the officers and conspirators who upended a feeble but tolerant monar
icate the Taiwan model: to have elderly autocrats lay the foundations for liberalizing heirs to undertake reforms. Hopes for change now rested with Gamal Mubarak in Egypt and Saif-al- Islam Gadhafi in Libya being able to take the reins of power. This strategy continued during the first years of the Obama adm
e ownership of that process in an inclusive manner and thereby make it self-sustaining. Ditto Libya, where President Obama removed Col. Muammar el- Qaddafi's top-down, iron-fisted regime, but he declined to put U.S. troops on the ground to midwife a new social contract. The result: Libya today is no mo
— quit Arab lands. In Tunisia, a hairdresser-turned-despot's wife, Leila Ben Ali, now pronounced on all public matters; in Egypt the despot's son, Gamal Mubarak, brazenly staked a claim to power over 80 million people; in Syria, Hafez al-Assad had pulled off a stunning feat, turning a once-rebellious republ
ck in Libya, the counterrevolution made its stand, and a despot bereft of mercy declared war against his own people. In the calendar of Muammar el- Qaddafi's republic of fear and terror, Sept. 1 marks the coming to power, in 1969, of the officers and conspirators who upended a feeble but tolerant monar
Entities connected to both Gamal Mubarak and Qaddafi

Barack Obama
PERSON
Bashar al-Assad
PERSON
Hosni Mubarak
PERSON
Tunisia
LOCATION
Yemen
LOCATION
Lebanon
LOCATION
George W. Bush
PERSON
Tehran
LOCATION
Middle East
LOCATION
Marc Rich
PERSON
Cairo
LOCATION
Damascus
LOCATION
Saddam Hussein
PERSON
Bill Clinton
PERSON
Fatah
ORGANIZATION
Bahrain
LOCATION
United States
LOCATION
Bin Laden
PERSON
Jeffrey Epstein
PERSON
Mahmoud Abbas
PERSON