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goes back to early twentieth-century Turkish leader Mustafa Kemal Ataturk's forceful campaign to westernize the country after the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire. But the campaign was less successful than it seemed. Though the cosmopolitan elites who ran Turkey after Ataturk were largely secular, out in the
closer integration with the West via European Union membership; and it was more vocally supportive of the rights of religious minorities, such as Alawites and Christians. Still, though more cosmopolitan than the Welfare Party, the AKP retained enough of an Islamic flavor to make religious Turks feel t
oes back to early twentieth-century Turkish leader Mustafa Kemal Ataturk's forceful campaign to westernize the country after the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire. But the campaign was less successful than it seemed. Though the cosmopolitan elites who ran Turkey after Ataturk were largely secular, out in the
closer integration with the West via European Union membership; and it was more vocally supportive of the rights of religious minorities, such as Alawites and Christians. Still, though more cosmopolitan than the Welfare Party, the AKP retained enough of an Islamic flavor to make religious Turks feel t
go affair, things are different. Even the worst mess has its winners. The Kurds, almost a century after missing out on statehood at the break-up of the Ottoman Empire, are the beneficiaries of Iraq's mayhem. Even their relations with their Turkish nemesis have been commerce- smoothed into something approaching war
acking at the internal lines of fracture colonial overseers chose to disregard. They were in a state of postponed decomposition. Sunnis in Iraq and Alawites in Syria, minorities both, believed (and believe) they had some irreversible right to rule. They do not. President Obama should use targeted milita
Entities connected to both the Ottoman Empire and Alawites

Bashar al-Assad
PERSON
Barack Obama
PERSON
Saddam Hussein
PERSON
Tehran
LOCATION
United States
LOCATION
George W. Bush
PERSON
Lebanon
LOCATION
Damascus
LOCATION
Hosni Mubarak
PERSON
Benjamin Netanyahu
PERSON
Bill Clinton
PERSON
Terje Rod-Larsen
PERSON
Middle East
LOCATION
Tunisia
LOCATION
Hillary Clinton
PERSON
Yemen
LOCATION
Marc Rich
PERSON
Cairo
LOCATION
Jerusalem
LOCATION
Tripoli
LOCATION