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parties that are more nationalist in tone and that take a much more skeptical attitude to the European Union -- not to mention the single currency. Marine Le Pen and the National Front will do well in the upcoming French presidential election. Other rising Euroskeptic parties include the Freedom Parties in
on -- not to mention the single currency. Marine Le Pen and the National Front will do well in the upcom
forces desecrating mosques, firing at EFTA_R1_00234074 EFTA01845128 worshipers, and ordering hapless captives to proclaim, "There is no God but Bashar," has written its own regional banishment. Hafez committed cruelties of his own, but he always managed to remain within the Arab fold. Bashar is di
t outgrew the Arabian Peninsula and before it slipped out of the hands of the Arabs into those of the Persians and the Turks. Yet decades earlier, Bashar al-Assad's father, Hafez -- a man of supreme cunning and political skill -- had ridden the military and the Baath Party to absolute power, creating a regime i
ns a chance. The Egyptian rulers had said that their country was not Tunisia. Qaddafi said that his republic was not Tunisia or Egypt. Eventually, Assad was saying that Syria was not Tunisia, Egypt, or Libya. Assad was young, not old; his regime had more legitimacy because it had confronted Israel r
penly than ever, the extreme-right electorate of Marine Le Pen's National Front, as if he sensed that she might
han ever, the extreme-right electorate of Marine Le Pen's National Front, as if he sensed that she might
asizing the ideological divide between him and Hollande, Sarkozy is also being led to court, more openly than ever, the extreme-right electorate of Marine Le Pen's National Front, as if he sensed that she might not find enough signatures to qualify for a place on the ballot. This strategy may make sense in the
the Golan Heights, which could have tipped the balance of power with Israel. Rather, it only appealed to them for immediate assistance to keep the Bashar al-Assad regime in power. In Libya, the situation is almost farcical. In the year 2000, Muammar Gaddafi wanted to declare a war on Israel, yet he had no qu
em for immediate assistance to keep the Bashar al-Assad regime in power. In Libya, the situation is alm
penly than ever, the extreme-right electorate of Marine Le Pen's National Front, as if he sensed that she might
han ever, the extreme-right electorate of Marine Le Pen's National Front, as if he sensed that she might
asizing the ideological divide between him and Hollande, Sarkozy is also being led to court, more openly than ever, the extreme-right electorate of Marine Le Pen's National Front, as if he sensed that she might not find enough signatures to qualify for a place on the ballot. This strategy may make sense in th
the Golan Heights, which could have tipped the balance of power with Israel. Rather, it only appealed to them for immediate assistance to keep the Bashar al-Assad regime in power. In Libya, the situation is almost farcical. In the year 2000, Muammar Gaddafi wanted to declare a war on Israel, yet he had no q
em for immediate assistance to keep the Bashar al-Assad regime in power. In Libya, the situation is alm
so as to ensure a degree of deniability, but the disguise is sometimes rather thin. In late 2014, France's far-right National Front party, led by Marine Le Pen, secured a q million loan from a Russian bank with indirect ties to the government in what many interpreted as a bet by Putin on the future of Fre
million loan from a Russian bank with indirect ties to the government in what many interpreted as a bet by Putin on the future of French politics. Le Pen has subsequently spoken favorably of Putin and criticized the sanctions imposed on Russia by the EU.' She has even called for a strategic alliance
In addition, various political figures and commentators have praised or come to the defense of despotic rulers including Abdel Fattah al-Sisi and Bashar al-Assad. 6. Modem authoritarians can be expected to dou- ble down on their drive to neuter civil society as an incubator of reformist ideas and political
o defend embattled allies like Syria's 8ashar al-Assad. There is also growing replica- tion of what migh
hael, 104 Lee, Robert E., 293 Lefrak, Richard, 27 Le Pen, Marine, 100 Lewandowski, Corey, 11-13, 17, 26, 2
e, The (TV show), 30, 76, 92, 109, 200 Arif, Tevfik, 100 Armey, Dick, 81 Arthur Andersen, 278 Art of the Deal, The (Trump and Schwartz), 22 Assad, Bashar al-, 183, 190 Atlantic City, 30, 99, 210 Atwater, Lee, 57 Australia, 78 Ayers, Nick, 240 Azerbaijan, 254 Bahrain, 231 Baier, Bret, 159-60 Bak
prentice, The (TV show), 30, 76, 92, 109, 200 Arif, Tevfik, 100 Armey, Dick, 81 Arthur Andersen, 278 Art of the Deal, The (Trump and Schwartz), 22 Assad, Bashar al-, 183, 190 Atlantic City, 30, 99, 210 Atwater, Lee, 57 Australia, 78 Ayers, Nick, 240 Azerbaijan, 254 Bahrain, 231 Baier, Bret, 159
ak away from the European Union? In France, for example, upcoming elections in May 2017 are likely to pit Francois Fillon of Les Républicains against Marine Le Pen of the far right Front National. Le Pen has promised a referendum on whether France should stay in the European Union, and, should she win, questions
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_014561 →example, upcoming elections in May 2017 are likely to pit Francois Fillon of Les Républicains against Marine Le Pen of the far right Front National. Le Pen has promised a referendum on whether France should stay in the European Union, and, should she win, questions about the viability of the Eurozone wil
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_014561 →ce with respect to the fight against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) and a stabilizing force with respect to keeping Syrian President Bashar al-Assad in place in the absence of any attractive alternatives. Syria would not have made as much progress in pushing back ISIL and the rebels without Russia
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_014562 →FH_Authoritarians_Report_2017.indd
ns like the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe and the Organization of American States, and to defend embattled allies like Syria's Bashar al-Assad. There is also growing replica- tion of what might be called authoritarian best practices, vividly on display in the new Chinese law on nongovernment
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_019237 →ed so as to ensure a degree of deniability, but the disguise is sometimes rather thin. In late 2014, France's far-right National Front party, led by Marine Le Pen, secured a €9 million loan from a Russian bank with indirect ties to the government in what many interpreted as a bet by Putin on the future of Frenc
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_019275 →€9 million loan from a Russian bank with indirect ties to the government in what many interpreted as a bet by Putin on the future of French politics. Le Pen has subsequently spoken favorably of Putin and criticized the sanctions imposed on Russia by the EU.' She has even called for a strategic alliance wi
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_019275 →Entities connected to both Marine Le Pen and Bashar al-Assad

Barack Obama
PERSON
George W. Bush
PERSON
United States
LOCATION
Lebanon
LOCATION
Benjamin Netanyahu
PERSON
Tehran
LOCATION
Bill Clinton
PERSON
Jeffrey Epstein
PERSON
Terje Rod-Larsen
PERSON
Hosni Mubarak
PERSON
Middle East
LOCATION
Donald Trump
PERSON
Marc Rich
PERSON
Yemen
LOCATION
Saddam Hussein
PERSON
Cairo
LOCATION
Vladimir Putin
PERSON
Hillary Clinton
PERSON
Jerusalem
LOCATION
Joe Biden
PERSON