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t 756. In Hicks, we extended that reasoning to § 2423(b)'s prohibition of travel with intent to engage in illicit sexual conduct. 457 F.3d at 841. Helder and Hicks control here, and apply with equal force to the third statute under which Spurlock was convicted: attempt to know- ingly transfer obscen
tual minor must be involved, the govern- ment proved no violation of federal law. This argument is foreclosed by our deci- sions in United States v. Helder, 452 F.3d 751 (8th Cir.2006), and United States v. Hicks, 457 FM 838 (8th Cir2006). In Heftier, we concluded that an actual minor victim is not r
usual support systems when transported interstate, and it is rational for Congress to want to heighten protection of such minor victims by denying Mann Act defendants the defense of mistake. Moreover, the Equal Protection Clause is not offended by gradual, increment change in the law. See, e.g., Railw
crime. See United States'. Root, 296 F.3d 1222, 1227-32 (j1 di Cir. 2002); United States' Sims, 428 F.3d 945, 9a9 (10th Cir. 2005); United Stalest. Helder, 452 F.3d 751 (8th Cir. 2006); United States'. Meek, 366 F.3d 705, 717-20 (9th Cir. 2004). Likewise, the Circuits have rejected void for vagueness,
where sexual mores change over time, complicate the matter even further. See generally Richard A. Posner, Sex and Reason (1992). The history of the Mann Act confirms the caution with which the federal government should approach this entire area. For example, historically, the Act was used by some prosecu
the crime. See United States. Root, 296 F.3d 1222, 122742 (11th Cir. 2002); United States' Suns, 428 F.3d 945, 959 (10* Cir. 2005); United States' Helder, 452 F.3d 751 (8* Cir. 2006); United States d Meek, 366 F.3d 705, 717-20 (9* Cir. 2004). Likewise, the Circuits have rejected voi for vagueness, o
where sexual mores change over time, complicate the matter even further. See generally Richard A. Posner, Sex and Reason (1992). The history of the Mann Act confirms the caution with which the federal government should approach this entire area. For example, historically, the Act was used by some prosecu
me. See United States I Root, 296 F.3d 1222, 1227-32 (11th Cir. 2002); United States I Sims, 428 F.3d 945, 919 (10th Cir. 2005); United States I Helder, 452 F.3d 751 (8th Cir. 2006); United States Meek, 366 F.3d 705, 717-20 (9th Cir. 2004). Likewise, the Circuits have rejected void for vagueness,
where sexual mores change over time, complicate the matter even further. See generally Richard A. Posner, Sex and Reason (1992). The history of the Mann Act confirms the caution with which the federal government should approach this entire area. For example, historically, the Act was used by some prosecu
es1 Sims, 428 F.3d 945, 959 0th Cir. dealing with a minor was sufficient to make out the crime. See United States Root, 296 2005); United States I Helder, 452 F.3d 751 (8Ih Or. 2006); United States I Meek, 366 F.3d 705, 717-20 (0 Cir. 2004). Likewise, the Circuits have rejected void or vagueness, ove
where sexual mores change over time, complicate the matter even further. See generally Richard A. Posner, Sex and Reason (1992). The history of the Mann Act confirms the caution with which the federal government should approach this entire area. For example, historically, the Act was used by some prosecu
rime. See United States v. Root, 296 F.3d 1222, 122742 (11"' Cir. 2002); United States v. Sims, 428 F.3d 945, 959 (10* Cir. 2005); United States v. Helder, 452 F.3d 751 (8* Cir. 2006); United States v. Meek, 366 F.3d 705, 717-20 (9'h Cir. 2004). Likewise, the Circuits have rejected void for vagueness,
where sexual mores change over time, complicate the matter even further. See generally Richard A. Posner, Sex and Reason (1992). The history of the Mann Act confirms the caution with which the federal government should approach this entire area. For example, historically, the Act was used by some prosecu
ime. See United States v. Root, 296 F.3d 1222, 1227-32 (11th Cir. 2002); United States v. Sims, 428 F.3d 945, 959 (10th Cir. 2005); United States x Helder, 452 F.3d 751 (8th Cir. 2006); United States v. Meek, 366 F.3d 705, 717-20 (9th Cir. 2004). Likewise, the Circuits have rejected void for vagueness,
where sexual mores change over time, complicate the matter even further. See generally Richard A. Posner, Sex and Reason (1992). The history of the Mann Act confirms the caution with which the federal government should approach this entire area. For example, historically, the Act was used by some prosecu
thrrime. See nited States v. Root, 296 t3d 1222, 1227-32 ( 1°' Cir. 2002). United States Sims, 428 3d 945, 959 (10° Cir. 1 005); United States I Helder, 45213d 751 (8th Cir. 2006); United States !Meek, 366 3d 705, 717-20 (9th Cir. 2004). Likewise, the Circuits have rejected void or vagueness, overb
where sexual mores change over time, complicate the matter even further. See generally Richard A. Posner, Sex and Reason (1992). The history of the Mann Act confirms the caution with which the federal government should approach this entirc area. For example, historically, the Act was used by some prosecu
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George W. Bush
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