Epstein Secrets

ation sufficient to validate a statute's prospective application under the Clause "may not suffice" to warrant its retroactive application. Usetyl. Turner Elkhorn Mining Co., 428 U.S. 1, 17, 96 S.Ct. 2882, 2893, 49 L.Ed.2d 752 (1976). F1419. Article I contains two Ex Post Facto Clauses, one directed to Congress (§ 9, c

dren. 2006 WL 2034118, 152 Cong. Rec. S8012- 02. Senator Kerry refers to the statutorily imposed damage amount as "penalties." Id. The cases of U.S. I. Siegel, supra (11th Cir. 1998), and U.S. . Edwards, supra (3d Cir. 1998), also support Defendant's position that application of the current version of 18

ation sufficient to validate a statute's prospective application under the Clause "may not suffice" to warrant its retroactive application. Useryl. Turner Elkhorn Mining Co., 428 U.S. 1, 17, 96 S.Ct. 2882, 2893, 49 L.Ed.2d 752 (1976). FN19. Article 1 contains two Ex Post Facto Clauses, one directed to Congress (§ 9, cl

ren. 2006 WL, 2034118, 152 Cong. Rec. S8012- 02. Senator Kerry refers to the statutorily imposed damage amount as "penalties." Id. The cases of U.S. I. Siegel, supra (I i th Cir. 1998), and U.S. Edwards, supra (3d Cir. 1998), also support Defendant's position that application of the current version of 18

cation sufficient to validate a statute's prospective applicagion under the Clause "may not suffice" to warrant its retroactive application. Usery Turner Elkhorn Mining Co., 428 U.S. 1, 17, 96 S.Ct. 2882, 2893, 49 L.Ed.2d 752 (1976). FNI9. Article I contains two Ex Post Facto Clauses, one directed to Congress (§ 9, cl

dren. 2006 WL 2034118, 152 Cong. Rec. S8012- 02. Senator Kerry refers to the statutorily imposed damage amount as "penalties." Id. The cases of U.S. I. Siegel, supra (I I's Cir. 1998), and U.S. . Edwards supra (3d Cir. 1998), also support Defendant's position that application of the current version of 18