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c (2016). in addition to a thorough review of the grooming literature. The vignettes described grooming behaviors commonly used by child molesters (Berliner and Conte 1990; Campbell 2009; Christiansen and Blake 1990: Craven et al. 2006; Elliott et al. 1995: Lang and Frenzel 1988; Lanning 2010; Lecrelec
ter the child molester has acquired the trust of the child, they may gradually increase physical contact in order to desensitize the child to touch (Berliner and Conte 1990; Christiansen and Blake 1990; Leclerc et al. 2009; McAlinden 2006). The child molester escalates physical contact to prepare the chi
t supervision or the custodial parent may rely upon others to help with childcare responsibilities (Conte et al. 1989; Elliott et al. 1995; Lang and Frenzel 1988; Olson et al. 2007). Further, children who have families with alcohol or drug addictions, emotional or mental problems, marital discord, domes
scuptive research on the modus operandi of sexual offenders against children Study Sample characteristics n Modus operandi statelD investigated Berliner and Conte (1990) Child victims of sexual 23 abuse reavited from the Sexual ASSaUlt Center in Seattle (USA) Incarcerated adult 72 offenders (U
, Wolf. & Smith, 1989: Lang & Frenzel, 1988 ) (see Table 1). These studies were mainly undertaken to provide information for prevention purposes.As Berliner and Conte (1990) pointed out: "Much current prevention knowledge is based on anecdotal information about the victimization process. Understanding t
sen and Blake (1990) Conte et al. (1989) Elliott et al (1995) Kaufman. Orts et al (1996) Kaufman. Wallace. Johnson and Reeder (1995) tang and Frenzel (1988) Leclerc et al. (2005; Proulx et al. (1995) Smallbone and Wortley (2000) van Dam (1996. 2001) Wortley and Smallbone (2006) Young (1997
se: Research, Treatment, & Program Innovations for Victims, Survivors, do Offenders, 23(8), 957-976. https•J/doi.org/ 10.1080/10538712.2014.960632 Berliner, L., & Conte, J. R. (1990). The process of victimization: The victims perspective. Child Abuse & Neglect, 14(1), 29-40. https•1/doLorg/10.1016/0145-
Appendix A Models of Sexual Grooming. Source Sgrol (1982) Stages of Sexual Grooming Corresponding Stage of Current Model of Grooming Lang and Frenzel (19881 Budin and Johnson (19891 Conte et al. (1989) Christiansen and Blake (19901 Applies to lathy-daughter grooming Berliner and Conte (199
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George W. Bush
PERSONBlake
PERSONEmmy Taylor
PERSON
Routledge
ORGANIZATION
Conte
PERSON
University of Oxford
ORGANIZATION
Scarlett Johansson
PERSONElliott
PERSON
Gordon Brown
PERSONSalter
PERSONChristiansen
ORGANIZATIONMcAlinden
PERSONLeclerc
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Guilford Press
ORGANIZATIONSullivan
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David Rodgers
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Eric Trump
PERSONThe Haworth Press
ORGANIZATIONBudin
PERSONKilcoyne
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