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eft the southern flank exposed. Therefore, by holding the Levant, an eastern power protected itself against attacks from Mediterranean powers. The Levant was also important to any empire originating to the north or south of Israel. If Egypt decided to move beyond the Nile Basin and North Africa eastw
y over nearly 3,000 years. For convenience, we will use the term "Israel" to connote all of the Hebrew and Jewish entities that have existed in the Levant since the invasion of the region as chronicled in the Book of Joshua. As always, geopolitics requires a consideration of three dimensions: the int
" It brings Hamas into the Palestinian Authority government, ending a period of several years when Palestinian Security Forces have cooperated with the Israel Defense Forces against terrorism and against Hamas in particular. It will also bring Hamas—next year and for the first time—into the PLO, the body charged with n
il as a rotating member (after two years of lobbying vigorously for the post), Riyadh tried an alternative method of advancing its interests in the Levant. It dispatched its intelligence chief and former U.S. bosom buddy Prince Bandar bin Sultan to Moscow in early August, weeks before the August 21 sa
community, who spoke to me on the condition of anonymity, said that American spies are increasingly concerned about the Russian penetration of both the Israel Defense Forces and the Israeli intelligence services.American spies are increasingly concerned about the Russian penetration of both the Israel Defense Forces an
s." It brings Hamas into the Palestinian Authority government, ending a period of several years when Palestinian Security Forces have cooperated with the Israel Defense Forces against terrorism and against Hamas in particular. It will also bring Hamas—next year and for the first time— into the PLO, the body charged with neg
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_031836 →icy over nearly 3,000 years. For convenience, we will use the term "Israel" to connote all of the Hebrew and Jewish entities that have existed in the Levant since the invasion of the region as chronicled in the Book of Joshua. As always, geopolitics requires a consideration of three dimensions: the intern
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_031858 →Entities connected to both Levant and the Israel Defense Forces

Lebanon
LOCATION
Barack Obama
PERSON
United States
LOCATION
Bashar al-Assad
PERSON
Tehran
LOCATION
George W. Bush
PERSON
Tunisia
LOCATION
Yemen
LOCATION
Benjamin Netanyahu
PERSON
Saddam Hussein
PERSON
Middle East
LOCATION
Jerusalem
LOCATION
Cairo
LOCATION
Marc Rich
PERSON
Bill Clinton
PERSON
Damascus
LOCATION
Hosni Mubarak
PERSON
Mahmoud Abbas
PERSON
Terje Rod-Larsen
PERSON
Hillary Clinton
PERSON