Epstein Secrets

more complex than they first appear. They are infinite, yet there are different infinities, and they have meaning. The smallpox example above and the Turing numbers we will discover shortly suggest numbers do have meaning independent of culture and language. The next two chapters will show us what happens

away their secrets. The Enigma machine was an elegant compromise between a truly unbreakable code and a simple cipher. Unfortunately for the Germans, Turing was on the side of the Allies. In the 1930s almost all mathematics, accounting, and code-breaking were performed by humans using pencil and paper. I

verything. How would we know? If only I had waited a little longer before rebooting, the program would have run to its end and given me the answer to Douglas Adams’ question. It would be very useful, and save a great deal of time, if I had a way of telling whether a program will ever stop. An elegant solution w

at they tend to favor or ignore. Surely (ding!)?, any man who could beat a woman at being perceived to be a woman would be an intelligent agent. What Turing did not foresee is the power of deep-learning AI to acquire this wealth of information in an exploitable form without having to understand it. Turing

the CIRL framework, one can formulate and solve the off-switch problem—that is, the problem of how to prevent a robot from disabling its off-switch. (Turing may rest easier.) A robot that’s uncertain about human preferences actually benefits from being switched off, because it understands that the human w

the central point of the AI risk is that superintelligent AI is an environmental risk. Allow me to explain. In his “Parable of the Sentient Puddle,” Douglas Adams describes a puddle that wakes up in the morning and finds himself in a hole that fits him “staggeringly well.” From that observation, the puddle conc

at they tend to favor or ignore. Surely (ding!)?, any man who could beat a woman at being perceived to be a woman would be an intelligent agent. What Turing did not foresee is the power of deep-learning AI to acquire this wealth of information in an exploitable form without having to understand it. Turing

the CIRL framework, one can formulate and solve the off-switch problem—that is, the problem of how to prevent a robot from disabling its off-switch. (Turing may rest easier.) A robot that’s uncertain about human preferences actually benefits from being switched off, because it understands that the human w

the central point of the AI risk is that superintelligent AI is an environmental risk. Allow me to explain. In his “Parable of the Sentient Puddle,” Douglas Adams describes a puddle that wakes up in the morning and finds himself in a hole that fits him “staggeringly well.” From that observation, the puddle conc

but, using this simple idea, Bertrand Russell changed the course of mathematical history and it is the fundamental paradox used to show computers are Turing limited. The Russell Paradox In the late 19 century, mathematicians began to think about the nature of numbers. What is a number? It is certainly

iter HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_015817 “Theres an infinite number of monkeys outside who want to talk to us about this script for Hamlet they've worked out.” Douglas Adams “I'm not young enough to know everything.” J.M. Barrie “He has Van Gogh’ ear for music.” Billy Wilder HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_015818 ouldan army of monkey