t we take for a Universe really nothing more complex than putting a DVD in the slot and hitting play? One last piece of trivia links Hofstadter with Penrose: Roger Penrose and his father invented the Penrose Steps, inspiring the never- ending staircase in the Escher prints featured in Hofstadter’s book. F

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sume that it’s possible to make AGI on digital computers. While we suspect this is correct, we must note that it isn’t proven. It might be that — as Penrose [Pen96], Hameroff [Mam87] and others have argued — we need quantum computers or quantum gravity computers to make AGI. However, there is no evidence