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tions, nor a clear outcome of the struggle. All the elements of civil war were present, including geographic split between status-quo government in Tripoli and rebel government in Benghazi. Yemen's troubles were embodied in its autocrat of three decades, Al i Abdullah Saleh. When he seemed an obstacle
me of the Al-Assads does not believe in freedom of information. An American journalist friend of mine, in Damascus during the regime of the father, Hafez, witnessed a failed attempt to assassinate that president, and he accordingly filed a report to his wire service. He was then arrested, interrogat
The PLO is expelled from Jordan. President Gamal Abdel Nasser dies and is replaced by Vice President Anwar al-Sadat. Syria’s Minister of Defense, Hafez al-Assad, leads the “Correctionist Movement’ military coup. Hafez al-Assad is elected President of Syria in a referendum. October or Yom Kippur War. Egypt
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_023152 →ANKARA ise) S . TURKEY AZERBAUJAN 2 lzmir G o} ATHENS Konya Tabriz ° Antalya, Adana, TEHRAN © Rhodes | = NICOSIA: ia rate 5 Latakia | R A N Y, CYPRUS Tripoli ¢ Hamadan Ai te, BEIRUT ¢, 7aneay Spx LEBANON Esfahan® Haifa I R A Q bs, . ISRAEL AlHillah” Al Kut Ports. Tel Aviv o o Ahwaz @ Alexandria ey yp, Matr
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_023175 →have in fact challenged the fundamentals of Syria's security state, a harsh system of controls over every aspect of society, put in place by the late Hafez al-Assad, Bashar's father, who ruled for 30 years from 1970 to his death in 2000. By all accounts, the debate HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_030032 --- PAGE BREAK --- 4 ab
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_030032 →ce more the specter of civil war and making more difficult the task of forming a new government, a job President Michel Suleiman has entrusted to the Tripoli notable, Najib Mikati. If Syria were overrun with internal strife, Hezbollah would be deprived of a valuable ally -- no doubt to Israel's great satis
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_030034 →924 --- PAGE BREAK --- 13 Article 3. The Financial Times Why Assad need not fear Gaddafi's fate Ed Husain August 23, 2011 -- The dramatic scenes in Tripoli are already being seized upon by those keen to depose other despotic regimes. Taken alongside the unstable situation in Syria, there is now a risk of
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_031925 →s mustard gas -- to advanced nerve agents such as sarin and possibly persistent nerve agents, such as VX gas. In the hands of Assad -- and his father Hafez before him -- these weapons have been an ace-in-the-hole deterrent against Israel's nuclear capability. The Assad regime, however, has never openly b
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_031932 →Entities connected to both Tripoli and Hafez al-Assad

Barack Obama
PERSON
Bashar al-Assad
PERSON
Lebanon
LOCATION
Bill Clinton
PERSON
Tunisia
LOCATION
George W. Bush
PERSON
Hosni Mubarak
PERSON
Damascus
LOCATION
Tehran
LOCATION
Benjamin Netanyahu
PERSON
Cairo
LOCATION
United States
LOCATION
Saddam Hussein
PERSON
Yemen
LOCATION
Marc Rich
PERSON
Hillary Clinton
PERSON
Jeffrey Epstein
PERSON
Michael Cohen
PERSONMediterranean
LOCATION
Fatah
ORGANIZATION