arly analysis). Turkey is of course famous for being a secular Muslim country--an identity that goes back to early twentieth-century Turkish leader Mustafa Kemal Ataturk's forceful campaign to westernize the country after the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire. But the campaign was less successful than it

ainst anyone who they thought opposed them. The Turkish Republic was officially founded in 1923, by another group of young military officers, with Mustafa Kemal (later called Atattirk, "the great Turk") at the helm. The Turkish Republic marked a more radical departure from the Ottoman Empire. The new ruler