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ndeed, expectations are, if anything, even lower than in the past. This latest heads-of-state meeting, like all previous ones, is being convened by the Arab League, which was established nearly 70 years ago to foster mutual co-ordination in order to achieve "the close co-operation of the member-states". In the
e LAF's perceived loyalty to Hezbollah and bias against local Sunnis who claim they are defending themselves from Shia aggression in cities such as Tripoli, Sidon and Arsal. These jihadists, well-versed in the enticing poetics of martyrdom, have been able to exploit the impoverished conditions and blea
eement to deal with the National Transitional Council as the "legitimate governing authority in Libya". The council has also received the backing of the Arab League and the European Union. Mohammed El Senussi, the pretender to the throne of Libya, has also voiced his support for the NTC. Military intervention
,.; .6 ill 4.).4 +01.11 al-nzajlis al-walani Flag Coat of arms Motto: Freedom. Justice. Denwcracy Anthem: Libya, Libya. Libya Sabratha za, fra Tripoli RasArdlr Al Eras Al Banta Al A a I ZD a ' ,• Vahan ilk° Benghazi • . Tobruk sk•Al Marl . Zuwarah _ Darnah „„) • ' eMisrar.a gur Al?,
r when Moammar Gadhafi was attacking Libyan cities and coming close to the complete annihilation of the rebels. Mr. Obama would not intervene until the Arab League and the Security Council called for action. By refusing to act on Syria, the president is missing an opportunity to advance U.S. security interest
d still lose substantially even if Assad is deposed or chooses to step down. The recent case of Libya is indicative. In 2008, Russia agreed to swap Tripoli's $4.5 billion debt for privileged trade agreements, brokered under the personal guarantee of Moammar Gadhafi. Since the Libyan dictator's violent
s with Iran. The two countries began to consider the resumption of direct flights between the two nations after 32 years. Also in 2010, the head of the Arab League, Amr Moussa, urged member countries to acknowledge the new geopolitical realities in the region: namely, the rise of non-Arab countries such as Tu
unite the EFTA_R1_02031578 EFTA02690687 4 rebel Transitional National Council with "reconcilables" from the regime. Gaddafi himself would quit Tripoli and give up power, but this would be an outcome of negotiations, rather than a precondition. State Department officials are skeptical, but they sho
tween his followers and the allies of the clan Ahmar. Blood feuds persist in Yemen, and are not conducive to solving its problems. At the bottom of the Arab League in GDP per capita, its 22 million people were "awash in weapons" while its oil reserves were emptying out and its water supplies were drying up. "
tions, nor a clear outcome of the struggle. All the elements of civil war were present, including geographic split between status-quo government in Tripoli and rebel government in Benghazi. Yemen's troubles were embodied in its autocrat of three decades, Al i Abdullah Saleh. When he seemed an obstacle
when Moammar Gadhafi was attacking Libyan cities and coming close to the complete annihilation of the rebels. Mr. Obama would not intervene until the Arab League and the Security Council called for action. By refusing to act on Syria, the president is missing an opportunity to advance U.S. security interests
d still lose substantially even if Assad is deposed or chooses to step down. The recent case of Libya is indicative. In 2008, Russia agreed to swap Tripoli's $4.5 billion debt for privileged trade agreements, brokered under the personal guarantee of Moammar Gadhafi. Since the Libyan dictator's violent
able to push for a continuation of the peace talks beyond the previously established deadline of April 29th. Arab League and the GCC: On March 26th, the Arab League held its 25th regular summit, with an agenda including Israel- Palestine peace talks, the war in Syria, and an increased presence of al-Qaida inspire
esidential election against Morsi. Lebanon: Spillover violence from the neighboring civil war in Syria reached a flashpoint in the northern city of Tripoli where 26 people—mostly civilians—were killed in clashes between pro- and anti-Damascus elements. The warring districts of Bab al-Tebbaneh (predomin
Israel-Syria Separation of Forces Agreement. Arab summit at Rabat declares the PLO the ‘sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people’. Arab League Resolution on Palestine Liberation Organization. PLO Chairman Arafat addresses the UN General Assembly in Geneva. UN General Assembly Resolutions 323
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_023152 →ent returning Taba to Egypt. 23 May 1989 President Mubarak of Egypt attends the Arab League summit in Casablanca marking the readmission of Egypt to the Arab League. 22 October 1989 Ta’if Agreement. HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_023153 --- PAGE BREAK --- OUP CORRECTED PROOF - FINAL, 12/9/2014, SPi xxii Chronology 9 Novemb
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_023154 →ANKARA ise) S . TURKEY AZERBAUJAN 2 lzmir G o} ATHENS Konya Tabriz ° Antalya, Adana, TEHRAN © Rhodes | = NICOSIA: ia rate 5 Latakia | R A N Y, CYPRUS Tripoli ¢ Hamadan Ai te, BEIRUT ¢, 7aneay Spx LEBANON Esfahan® Haifa I R A Q bs, . ISRAEL AlHillah” Al Kut Ports. Tel Aviv o o Ahwaz @ Alexandria ey yp, Matr
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_023175 →the president and not crush the protests was a vital lesson for the Egyptian generals. The alternative is the cruelty of the dictators' fightbacks in Tripoli and Damascus. Regional differences were ignored in the chain reaction that followed. Yemen's protests were galvanised by the drama in Cairo's Tahrir
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_018086 →the response: French support for Ben Ali was embarrassing; the US was praising Mubarak days before he departed. Muammar Gaddafi had no friends - and the Arab League was crucial in providing a figleaf for UN-sanctioned Nato intervention. Bashar al-Assad, by contrast, has yet to be condemned by the UN for a crackdo
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_018087 →ce more the specter of civil war and making more difficult the task of forming a new government, a job President Michel Suleiman has entrusted to the Tripoli notable, Najib Mikati. If Syria were overrun with internal strife, Hezbollah would be deprived of a valuable ally -- no doubt to Israel's great satis
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_030034 →ndidates have announced they will run. Most prominent include the following: Amr Moussa, the former foreign minister and current secretary-general of the Arab League. While popular for his Arab nationalist stances, he will have to overcome his association with the past regime, which has already emerged as a major
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_030048 →Entities connected to both the Arab League and Tripoli

Barack Obama
PERSON
Bashar al-Assad
PERSON
Hosni Mubarak
PERSON
Cairo
LOCATION
Benjamin Netanyahu
PERSON
Bill Clinton
PERSON
United States
LOCATION
Tunisia
LOCATION
Tehran
LOCATION
Yemen
LOCATION
Lebanon
LOCATION
George W. Bush
PERSON
Damascus
LOCATION
Hillary Clinton
PERSON
Saddam Hussein
PERSON
Marc Rich
PERSON
Jeffrey Epstein
PERSON
Muammar Gaddafi
PERSON
Fatah
ORGANIZATION
Bahrain
LOCATION