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, whose regime has reportedly killed more than 1,100 opponents since March, Turkey and Syria have established close relations. In 2009, Ankara and Damascus signed a strategic cooperation agreement, conducted joint military exercises, and launched military industrial cooperation. They also introduced vi
choose their friends from all communities, sectarianism remains a real problem in Syria. The ruling family was born into the historically oppressed Alawi community. The Ottomans regarded Alawis as heretics rather than as "people of the book," and Alawis -- unlike Christians, Jews, and mainstream Shi
March, Syrian friends have told me, its shabiha militia tried to spark social breakdown in Latakia by pretending to be a Sunni mob while it shot up Alawi areas and an Alawi mob as it terrorized Sunni neighborhoods. Syrians say the regime is arming Alawi villages and wishfully thinking of a repeat of
t and effective, the regime could endure. Although they continue to function, neither appears intact any longer; their control of key areas such as Damascus and Aleppo is in doubt, and the reliability of their personnel, given defections, is no longer certain. We had thought that there was a reasonable
tegists believe that it would be greatly to their country's advantage if Syria were dismembered and permanently weakened by the creation of a small Alawi state around the port-city of Latakia in the north-west, in much the same way as Iraq was dismembered and permanently weakened by the creation of
n's key ally, Syria. Hezbollah is in danger of losing its Syrian backers, and Lebanon is in danger of slipping into another civil war exported from Damascus, which would keep Hezbollah preoccupied. The balance of power tilts decisively toward Israel, which is a success story of American diplomacy. Every
e a rat out of his drainage pipe in Libya? Or something profoundly cruel, such as the YouTube video of a Syrian man buried alive by shovel-wielding Alawi thugs taunting the victim to recite "There is no God but God and Bashar is his Prophet"? Or, alternatively, will we look back and see photos of Sau
is also determined to improve relations with Syria, and rumors have surfaced that the new chief of Intelligence, Murad Muwafi, has secretly visited Damascus twice. These developments have generated questions about the emergence of a new axis, but a likelier explanation is that the new leadership is dete
nt, however, seems improbable; the rising tensions are likely an expression of resentment directed at the powerful ruling family, who belong to the Alawi sect, and a show of disapproval of the Syrian-Iranian alliance. Syrian protesters have advanced the following demands: 1. Repeal of the emergency l
slie H. Gelb Article 5. The Daily Star A Turkish model of governance for the Arabs? Mustafa Akyol Article 6. The National Interest Dead End in Damascus Ariel Cohen Article 7. Yale-Global The Muslim Brotherhood and Egypt's Economy? EFTA00686997 Mohamed El Dahshan .4,t de 1. NYT Unity Deal Br
some extent, the handiwork of the United States and its European allies. This perception is fundamentally wrong: Assad's is an oppressive, minority-Alawi regime. It came to power via a 1970 coup. In 1982, the current dictator's father, then president Hafez al- Assad, brought artillery and killed over
a key player in the region. And after all, what could he do that would deter a regime in a fight for its life? Pull U.S. Ambassador Robert Ford from Damascus? Impose a travel ban on Assad and his family? Press the Europeans to freeze Assad's money? In a world of symbols, these steps may make an important p
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_030075 →her cities including Baniyas and Latakia on the Mediterranean coast, as well as to the northern city of Homs and some suburbs of Damascus. * With the Alawi-dominated regime under threat, the HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_030083 --- PAGE BREAK --- 25 struggle is showing ominous sectarian overtones. At Baniyas, where
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_030084 →In truth, it covers up a regime dominated by religious fanaticism against the minorities. Do French leaders want the Muslims to have control over the Alawi people in order to throw them into misery? • We can sense today how the Muslim citizens of Damascus force the Jews who live among them to sign a docu
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_030090 →Entities connected to both Damascus and Alawi

Barack Obama
PERSON
Bashar al-Assad
PERSON
Lebanon
LOCATION
United States
LOCATION
Bill Clinton
PERSON
George W. Bush
PERSON
Tehran
LOCATION
Benjamin Netanyahu
PERSON
Tunisia
LOCATION
Hosni Mubarak
PERSON
Terje Rod-Larsen
PERSON
Hillary Clinton
PERSON
Saddam Hussein
PERSON
Middle East
LOCATION
Yemen
LOCATION
Marc Rich
PERSON
Jerusalem
LOCATION
Department of Justice
ORGANIZATION
Bahrain
LOCATION
Joe Biden
PERSON