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uous control) to EFTA_R1_02029175 EFTA02689634 27 the north, Israel's territory never stretched as far as Damascus, although it frequently held the Golan Heights. Israel extended many times to both sides of the Jordan but never deep into the Jordanian Desert. It never extended southeast into the Arabian Peni
e reforms. EFTA_R1_02029172 EFTA02689631 24 While Ankara may answer anti-Turkish demonstrations in Libya by closing down the Turkish embassy in Tripoli, the first ever such action by the diplomatic service throughout its modern history, anti- Turkish demonstrations in Damascus can be really costly f
essful, it proffers doubtful leverage in his tug of war with Tel Aviv. Although Syria is an independent state, in 44 years it hasn't managed to pry the Golan Heights away from Israel; a Palestinian state is unlikely to do better with the 60 percent of the West Bank that remains under full Israeli control. Legall
tions, nor a clear outcome of the struggle. All the elements of civil war were present, including geographic split between status-quo government in Tripoli and rebel government in Benghazi. Yemen's troubles were embodied in its autocrat of three decades, Al i Abdullah Saleh. When he seemed an obstacle
on the governments of =afez and Bashar Assad to enforce the Separation of Forces Agreement from 1=74, in which both sides agreed to a cease-fire in the Golan Heights, the disputed vantage point along the=r shared border. Indeed, even when Israeli and Syrian forces were briefly =ocked in fierce fighting in 1982 d
ll — he should b= less preoccupied with red lines of his own making than with the blurring 4 the lines drawn in Arab sands decades ago. On the map, Tripoli, on the Med=terranean Sea, lies within the borders of Lebanon and is the country's s=cond-largest city. But Tripoli, staunchly Sunni, with an Alawit
ht at last be ready for real, not just cold peace. Mr. Mubarak was not. Nor is Mr. Assad of Syria, who has refused every Israeli offer to hand back the Golan Heights. If you rule at the head of a tiny Alawite minority, why take the Heights and give away a conflict that keeps you in power? Peace at home— justice,
es for peace abroad. Still, don't hold your breath. Yes, democracy is where history is going, but it is a long, perilous journey even from Tunis to Tripoli, let alone all the way to Tehran. Mr. Joffe is senior fellow at the Freeman-Spogli Institute for International Studies and a fellow at the Hoover
the president and not crush the protests was a vital lesson for the Egyptian generals. The alternative is the cruelty of the dictators' fightbacks in Tripoli and Damascus. Regional differences were ignored in the chain reaction that followed. Yemen's protests were galvanised by the drama in Cairo's Tahrir
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_018086 →their future and for the future of their children, and a regime that has thrived off a conflict in which it has never fired a single shot to liberate the Golan Heights from Israeli occupation, regardless of its political posturing. All this leads to the question of whether Netanyahu's new position is based on some
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_018091 →the Sinai peninsula and Gaza Strip from Egypt, the West Bank and East Jerusalem from Jordan, and about 1,150 square kilometres of Syrian territory on the Golan Heights. 1 September 1967 Khartoum Resolution of the three ‘Noes’. 22 November 1967 UN Security Council Resolution 242. 21 March 1968 The battle of Karame
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_023151 →ANKARA ise) S . TURKEY AZERBAUJAN 2 lzmir G o} ATHENS Konya Tabriz ° Antalya, Adana, TEHRAN © Rhodes | = NICOSIA: ia rate 5 Latakia | R A N Y, CYPRUS Tripoli ¢ Hamadan Ai te, BEIRUT ¢, 7aneay Spx LEBANON Esfahan® Haifa I R A Q bs, . ISRAEL AlHillah” Al Kut Ports. Tel Aviv o o Ahwaz @ Alexandria ey yp, Matr
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_023175 →s. HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_031856 --- PAGE BREAK --- 24 While Ankara may answer anti-Turkish demonstrations in Libya by closing down the Turkish embassy in Tripoli, the first ever such action by the diplomatic service throughout its modern history, anti- Turkish demonstrations in Damascus can be really costly fo
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_031857 →trol) to HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_031859 --- PAGE BREAK --- 27 the north, Israel's territory never stretched as far as Damascus, although it frequently held the Golan Heights. Israel extended many times to both sides of the Jordan but never deep into the Jordanian Desert. It never extended southeast into the Arabian Penins
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_031860 →Entities connected to both the Golan Heights and Tripoli

Barack Obama
PERSON
Bashar al-Assad
PERSON
Benjamin Netanyahu
PERSON
Hosni Mubarak
PERSON
George W. Bush
PERSON
Bill Clinton
PERSON
Lebanon
LOCATION
Tehran
LOCATION
United States
LOCATION
Cairo
LOCATION
Yemen
LOCATION
Damascus
LOCATION
Tunisia
LOCATION
Saddam Hussein
PERSON
Hillary Clinton
PERSON
Jerusalem
LOCATION
Fatah
ORGANIZATION
Jeffrey Epstein
PERSONMediterranean
LOCATION
John F. Kennedy
PERSON