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means to assimilate Sinai's society into national structures. The second factor was the spread of extremist thought in a religious guise during the Sadat and Mubarak eras. Almost intrinsically hostile to many domestic and foreign policy orientations, that type of thought inevitably spread to Sinai. A
challenges enumerated below. Peace with the Palestinians. The perception that Israel bears a measure of responsibility for the current impasse with the Palestinian Authority has gained traction in various circles in the United Sates, including parts of offical Washington, and could someday endanger the U.S.-Israeli relat
gh. In 1977 Egyptian President Anwar Sadat visited Jerusalem in a gesture of peace. Seeing positive developments, US President Jimmy Carter invited Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin to Camp David in 1978 to negotiate peace. One agreement, A Framework for Peace in the Middle East, addre
Intifada left the implementation of the "roadmap" stalled. In 2007, during the last few months of his presidency, George W. Bush invited Israel and the Palestinian Authority, among a backdrop of other Arab nations, to a peace conference in Maryland. Hamas, which had just taken control of the Gaza EFTA_R1_00441004 EFTA
moved to Tunis. HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_023152 --- PAGE BREAK --- OUP CORRECTED PROOE - FINAL, 12/9/2014, SPi Chronology xxi 10 December 1978 President Sadat and Prime Minister Begin are awarded jointly in Oslo the Nobel Peace Prize. 16 January 1979 Shah Mohamed Reza Pahlavi leaves Iran after months of do
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_023153 →sident made further US involvement in peace negotiations contingent upon Arafat’s removal from power, and the implementation of democratic reforms in the Palestinian Authority’s political structure. This was consist- ent with Prime Minister Sharon’s policies. At this time, parts of the Palestinian leadership either passively
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_023167 →ashington can lawfully continue to provide aid to the Palestinian Authority (PA) if it includes Hamas as an equal partner. Af
d in an unprecedented phase of strong bilateral cooperation between the two former enemies, but it was also a major cause of the unpopularity of both Sadat and Mubarak. Israel benefited from the cold peace by neutralizing the most powerful conventional force in the Arab world. It even coordinated closely
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_030173 →Entities connected to both Sadat and the Palestinian Authority

Barack Obama
PERSON
Jerusalem
LOCATION
Benjamin Netanyahu
PERSON
George W. Bush
PERSON
Lebanon
LOCATION
Bashar al-Assad
PERSON
United States
LOCATION
Bill Clinton
PERSON
Cairo
LOCATION
Tehran
LOCATION
West Bank
LOCATION
Mahmoud Abbas
PERSONthe West Bank
LOCATION
Hosni Mubarak
PERSON
Fatah
ORGANIZATION
Middle East
LOCATION
Hillary Clinton
PERSON
Yemen
LOCATION
Damascus
LOCATION
Marc Rich
PERSON