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ssed domestic Islamic movements, marginalized democratic forces, and confronted regional powers such as Iran. However, with the political demise of Hosni Mubarak the country's foreign policy is gradually moving in a direction that better reflects popular sentiments. The new Egypt is looking to normalize rel
Domestic factors like corruption, political repression, and desperate economic conditions galvanized the populace against the Egyptian state. But Mubarak's foreign policy doctrine also contributed to the erosion of his political base. The democratic revolution was also a response to the government's
of Gaza, seeming timidity in foreign affairs, and his growing reliance on the United States for the perpetuation of his reign. The High Council of the Armed Forces currently rules Egypt, and the military shows no EFTA_R1_02031591 EFTA02690700 17 sign of making a decisive break with the past. Nevertheless, t
ften used soccer as a means of diverting the attention of the masses or controlling them. No Egyptian president has been as attached to the game as Hosni Mubarak was. He always attended the national team's matches and was often seen yelling advice to the players. His sons, Alaa and Gamal, fraternized with Eg
the national team's matches and was often seen yelling advice to the players. His sons, Alaa and Gamal, fraternized with Egypt's top players. Mr. Mubarak's propaganda machine made sure that before a match, supporters were treated to patriotic songs and sloganeering. These displays were useful for def
revolution caused great anxiety to those in power after the fall of Mr. Mubarak. During the post-Mubarak period of rule by the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, in February 2012, the Ahly ultras of Cairo were attacked at a match in Port Said in disturbances in which 74 died — bloodshed that their leaders be
uality between the very different actors who initiated it. None tried to seize a leadership role. The power struggle pitted the forces of President Hosni Mubarak's regime against the people, including women, who were on the streets and in the squares demanding freedom, dignity, and social justice. But now t
ets and in the squares demanding freedom, dignity, and social justice. But now things are strikingly different. The once unified opposition to the Mubarak regime has become fragmented, with each faction defending its own interests and advocating its own version of the revolution's goals. The two most
of the parties put female candidates at the end of their lists; as a result, only nine women were elected to the parliament. The Senior Council of the Armed Forces, the ruling junta, appointed two more women, bringing the share of women parliamentarians to about 2 percent. Islamist groups won majorities in bot
Entities connected to both Hosni Mubarak and the Armed Forces

Barack Obama
PERSON
Bashar al-Assad
PERSON
Cairo
LOCATION
George W. Bush
PERSON
United States
LOCATION
Benjamin Netanyahu
PERSON
Lebanon
LOCATION
Tunisia
LOCATION
Saddam Hussein
PERSON
Middle East
LOCATION
Jeffrey Epstein
PERSON
Mohamed Morsi
PERSON
Muslim Brotherhood
ORGANIZATIONthe West Bank
LOCATION
John F. Kennedy
PERSON
Samantha Power
PERSON
Department of Justice
ORGANIZATION
the Persian Gulf
LOCATION
Prince Andrew
PERSON
Robert Gates
PERSON