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other without having to turn to the mutual defense clause. These options should be considered now. For example, before the US-led coalition invaded Saddam Hussein's Iraq in 2003, Turkey requested a meeting with its allies, under Article 4 of the NATO treaty, to discuss how the alliance could help Turkey deter a
k. During the 1991 Gulf War, then Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein had millions of barrels of oil dumped int
mous among them includes Mohamed Hassan, Mohamed Hussein Yacoub, Abu Ishaq El-Howaini, Sayed El- Afani, Os
o has a degree in architecture, assumed command of the Revolutionary Guards, also known as the Pasdaran. The group, founded by revolutionary leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khamenei to defend the Islamic regime, has since developed into a state within the state. Today the Pasdaran control several companies an
ountry. Nearby Mali has erupted into anarchy -- a situation ignited by regime change in Libya. The administration of George W. Bush decapitated the Saddam Hussein regime in Iraq, an act that cost perhaps 200,000 Iraqi lives over a few short years, even as Saddam had directly killed perhaps four times that man
ation of George W. Bush decapitated the Saddam Hussein regime in Iraq, an act that cost perhaps 200,000 Iraqi lives over a few short years, even as Saddam had directly killed perhaps four times that many over the previous third of a century. Then there are the examples of the Soviet Union and Yugoslav
tration of George W. Bush decapitated the Saddam Hussein regime in Iraq, an act that cost perhaps 200,000
Owing to sanctions, corruption and mismanagement, oil exports are down by almost a half and production is nearing twenty year lows. Before the late Ayatollah Khomeini announced that "economics is for donkeys" Iran's oil production stood at close to six million barrels per day. Today, after thirty- two ye
990. When faced with a build-up of Iraqi forces along its border, Kuwait decided not to mobilize its military out of fear that the move would provoke Saddam Hussein. The incentives for Gulf states to make similar strategic calculations in the future will be greater when Iran has an inventory of nuclear we
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_029721 →en faced with a build-up of Iraqi forces along its border, Kuwait decided not to mobilize its military out of fear that the move would provoke Saddam Hussein. The incentives for Gulf states to make similar strategic calculations in the future will be greater when Iran has an inventory of nuclear weapons to
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_029721 →. One of the great strategic lessons drawn from the long history of conflict in the Middle East is this: Do not go to war without nuclear weapons, as Saddam Hussein did when he invaded Kuwait. The corollary is: Do not allow the United States to methodically build-up forces in the Gulf prior to invading, as Saddam
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_029722 →n said, "We have made it clear at the outset that... we would be prepared to meet bilaterally with the Iranian leadership" when Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei is serious about negotiations. Iran's Foreign Minister, Ali Akbar Salehi responded favorably and said, "I am optimistic, I feel this new
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_029735 →990. When faced with a build-up of Iraqi forces along its border, Kuwait decided not to mobilize its military out of fear that the move would provoke Saddam Hussein. The incentives for Gulf states to make similar strategic calculations in the future will be greater when Iran has an inventory of nuclear we
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_029808 →en faced with a build-up of Iraqi forces along its border, Kuwait decided not to mobilize its military out of fear that the move would provoke Saddam Hussein. The incentives for Gulf states to make similar strategic calculations in the future will be greater when Iran has an inventory of nuclear weapons to
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_029808 →. One of the great strategic lessons drawn from the long history of conflict in the Middle East is this: Do not go to war without nuclear weapons, as Saddam Hussein did when he invaded Kuwait. The corollary is: Do not allow the United States to methodically build-up forces in the Gulf prior to invading, as Saddam
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_029809 →n said, "We have made it clear at the outset that... we would be prepared to meet bilaterally with the Iranian leadership" when Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei is serious about negotiations. Iran's Foreign Minister, Ali Akbar Salehi responded favorably and said, "I am optimistic, I feel this new
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_029822 →Microsoft Word - Document1
cally elected Mosaddegh regime nationalized oil fields, and supporting for the Baathist overthrow of the Qasim government in Iraq, which gave rise to Saddam Hussein. Following the end of the Cold War, America's foreign policy gravitated toward nation building, and the widespread promotion of democracy and human r
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_031719 →visible. Regimes once supported by the US have fallen, marking the failure of embrace and abandon. In Egypt, Mubarak was in, then deserted. In Iraq, Hussein was in, then deposed. In Libya, Gaddafi was in, then overthrown with US support. In Syria with Assad, it was the same scenario. The instability creat
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_031719 →the Qasim government in Iraq, which gave rise to Saddam Hussein. Following the end of the Cold War, Ameri
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_031719 →ans: the spread of a radical Islamic caliphate based on religion, not country. In Iran, this is credo is championed by the Revolutionary Guard and an Ayatollah who lectures two billion Muslims that he is an infallible ruler directly responsible to God. US diplomats are faced with an impossible balancing act:
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_031720 →Entities connected to both Saddam Hussein and Ayatollah

Barack Obama
PERSON
George W. Bush
PERSON
United States
LOCATION
Jeffrey Epstein
PERSON
Bashar al-Assad
PERSON
Bill Clinton
PERSON
Lebanon
LOCATION
Tehran
LOCATION
Marc Rich
PERSON
Benjamin Netanyahu
PERSON
Middle East
LOCATION
Donald Trump
PERSON
Joe Biden
PERSON
Hosni Mubarak
PERSON
Damascus
LOCATION
Yemen
LOCATION
Department of Justice
ORGANIZATION
Vladimir Putin
PERSON
Samantha Power
PERSON
Terje Rod-Larsen
PERSON