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of 23 [PUBLISH] IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT No. 13-12923 D.C. Docket No. 9:08-cv-80736-KAM JANE DOE NO. 1, JANE DOE NO. 2, Plaintiffs-Appellees, versus UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Defendant, ROY BLACK, MARTIN G. WEINBERG, JEFFREY EPSTEIN, Intervenors-Appellants.
, but we decline to draw an arbitrary line. The victims' argument has an ipse dixit quality—that is, because our Court has never before applied the Penman doctrine outside of the grand jury context, we should not do so now. But we must ask instead whether applying the doctrine here makes sense. 11 E
of 23 [PUBLISH] IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT No. 13-12923 D.C. Docket No. 9:08-cv-80736-KAM JANE DOE NO. 1, JANE DOE NO. 2, Plaintiffs-Appellees, versus UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Defendant, ROY BLACK, MARTIN G. WEINBERG, JEFFREY EPSTEIN, Intervenors-Appellants.
, but we decline to draw an arbitrary line. The victims' argument has an ipse dixit quality—that is, because our Court has never before applied the Penman doctrine outside of the grand jury context, we should not do so now. But we must ask instead whether applying the doctrine here makes sense. 11 E
of 23 [PUBLISH] IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT No. 13-12923 D.C. Docket No. 9:08-cv-80736-KAM JANE DOE NO. 1, JANE DOE NO. 2, Plaintiffs-Appellees, versus UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Defendant, ROY BLACK, MARTIN G. WEINBERG, JEFFREY EPSTEIN, Intervenors-Appellants.
, but we decline to draw an arbitrary line. The victims' argument has an ipse dixit quality—that is, because our Court has never before applied the Penman doctrine outside of the grand jury context, we should not do so now. But we must ask instead whether applying the doctrine here makes sense. 11 E
Entities connected to both JANE DOE NO. and Penman

Jeffrey Epstein
PERSONJane Doe
PERSON
Kenneth Marra
PERSON
Bradley Edwards
PERSON
United States
LOCATION
George W. Bush
PERSON
Paul Cassell
PERSONthe Southern District
LOCATIONFBI
ORGANIZATIONLeon Black
PERSON
Ghislaine Maxwell
PERSON
Southern District of New York
ORGANIZATION
Julie K. Brown
PERSONMartin Weinberg
PERSON
Marc Rich
PERSONRoy Black
PERSON
Carpenter
PERSONPerlman
PERSON
Michael Cohen
PERSONLoan Corp.
ORGANIZATION