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perience between them. More Refugees, Fewer Migrants The past four years have produced two storylines when it comes to migration patterns. First, the Arab Spring has produced major outflows of migrants and refugees from countries such as Libya and Syria. According to the United Nations, 335,000 Syrian refuge
intent is not the same. In previous articles and books, I have made the case that the United States emerged as the only global power in 1991, when the Soviet Union fell. It emerged unprepared for its role and uncertain about how to execute it. The exercise of power requires skill and experience, and the United
ons on almost every issue -- getting out of old wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, avoiding new ones (Syria), avoiding interventions in lands visited by the Arab Spring, and resetting his relationship with Israel -- reflect a general attitude of risk aversion in the region. And yet, the president himself doesn't s
all, the Ottoman Empire had ruled over Egypt. And, on the Turkish side, there was a sense of superiority vis-à-vis the Arab world. The collapse of the Soviet Union awakened "neo-Ottoman" Turkish ambitions in the Caucasus and Central Asia, and revolution in the Middle East seemed to offer the heirs (if not orph
nflict could be resolved, other distempers of the Muslim world—from dictatorship to terrorism—would find their own EFTA00586640 9 resolution. If the Arab Spring has done nothing else, it has at least disposed of the latter proposition. From Tehran to Tunis to Tahrir Square, Muslims are rising against their
Jews—were the shapers of history in the Middle East. We created reality; others watched, baffled, paralyzed, afraid. In 1989, Americans gloated as the Soviet Union, our former rival for Middle Eastern supremacy, retreated ignominiously from the region. When Saddam Hussein tried to challenge us from within, we
Entities connected to both the Arab Spring and the Soviet Union

Barack Obama
PERSON
United States
LOCATION
George W. Bush
PERSON
Bill Clinton
PERSON
Marc Rich
PERSON
Bashar al-Assad
PERSON
Benjamin Netanyahu
PERSON
Lebanon
LOCATION
Vladimir Putin
PERSON
Michael Cohen
PERSON
Middle East
LOCATION
John F. Kennedy
PERSON
Jerusalem
LOCATION
Samantha Power
PERSON
Tehran
LOCATION
Saddam Hussein
PERSON
Hillary Clinton
PERSON
George Mitchell
PERSON
Cairo
LOCATION
Damascus
LOCATION