Epstein Secrets

d in the review examined women's experi- ences of delayed disclosure to a range of health-care providers. Health-care providers included physicians (Ahrens, Campbell, Terrier-Thames, Vasco, & Sefi, 2007; Diaz et al., 2004; Fili- pas & Ullman, 2001; Golding et al., 1989; Mazza, Dennerstein, & Ryan, 1996

2006; Filipas & Ullman, 2001; Lessing, 2005; Muganyizi et al., 2009; Plumbo, 1995; Popiel & Sus- skind, 1985; Ullman, 1996b; Ullman & Siegel, 1995). Ahrens, Cabral, and Abeling (2009) found that "emotional support from medical staff was almost always considered healing" for survivors (p. 87). Emotion

niversity. Retrieved from hupgAvww.vawlearningnetwork.caisitesileamingtoendabuse.ca.vaw leamingnetworkifiles/LN_Overcoming_Baniers_FINAL.pdf Bona. S. E., Callahan. J. L., & Long, P. J. (2006). Positive and neg- ative adjustment and social support of sexual assault survivors. Journal of Traumatic Stre

). An ecological model of the impact of sexual assault on women's mental health. Trauma. Violence. & Abuse. 10.225-246. Campbell. R.. Wasco. S. M.. Ahrens. C. E.. Sefl, T.. & Barnes. H. E (2001). Preventing the "second rape": Rape survivors' experiences with community service providers. Journal of int

- enced sexual assault. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association. 18. 32-39. doi:10.1177/1078390311431889 Najdowski, C. 1., & Ullman. S. E. (2009). PTSD symptoms and self-rated recovery among adult sexual assault survivors: The effects of traumatic life events and psychosocial variables.

(2001). blamed for the AS£BA school•age forms & profiles. Burlington. VP University of Vermont. Research Centre for Children. Youth, and Families. Ahrens. C. E.. Sunset]. 1. & Jennings. A. (2010). To tell or not to tell: The impact of disclosure on sexual assault survivors' nicety. Violence and Victi

. Linden. J. A. (2011). Care of the adult patient alter sexual assault. New England Journal of Medicine. 365(9). 834-841. Littleton. H.. & Ullman, S. E. (2013). PTSD symptomatology and hazardous drinking as risk factors for sexual assault revicti. mization: Examination in European American and Afric