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jury is best equipped to determine the meaning that a defendant 119 EFTA00095211 assigns to a specific question." Id.; see, e.g. United States v. Sampson, 898 F.3d 287, 307 (2d Cir. 2018).48 An exception arises when language in a question is "fundamentally ambiguous," that is "when it is not a phrase
o prevail" on a Rule 14 motion, 139 EFTA00095231 "the defendant must show not simply some prejudice but substantial prejudice." United States v. Sampson, 385 F.3d 183, 190 (2d Cir. 2004) (quoting Werner, 620 F.2d at 928). The defendant carries this "heavy burden" because Rule 8(a) already strikes a "
automatically mean that the question is impermissibly vague and can never form the basis of a perjury charge. See, e.g., H.L.A. Hart, Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals, 71 Harv. L. Rev. 593, 607 (1958) ("A legal rule forbids you to take a vehicle into the public park. Plainly this forbids an automobile, but what a
5, 6, 245 United States v. Salerno, 481 U.S. 739 (1987) 151 United States v. Salmonese, 352 F.3d 608 (2d Cir. 2003) 247, 249 United States v. Sampson, 385 F.3d 183 (2d Cr. 2004) 208 United States v. Sampson, 898 F.3d 270 (2d Cr. 2018) 200, 201 United States v. Sampson, 898 F.3d 287 (2d Cir.
le 14 157 Rule 404(b) 186 Other Authorities 149 Cong. Rec. S 5137 30 149 Cong. Rec. S 5147 30 H.R. Conf. Rep. No. 108.66 29 Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals, 71 Harv. L. Rev. 593 (1958) 130 Sexual Abuse Prosecutions, 77 J. Crim. L. & Criminology 1 (1986) 24 xxvi EFTA00099967 UNITED STATES DISTRIC
5, 6, 245 United States v. Salerno, 481 U.S. 739 (1987) 151 United States v. Salmonese, 352 F.3d 608 (2d Cir. 2003) 247, 249 United States v. Sampson, 385 F.3d 183 (2d Cir. 2004) 208 United States v. Sampson, 898 F.3d 270 (2d Cir. 2018) 200, 201 United States v. Sampson, 898 F.3d 287 (2d Cir
le 14 157 Rule 404(b) 186 Other Authorities 149 Cong. Rec. S 5137 30 149 Cong. Rec. S 5147 30 H.R. Conf. Rep. No. 108-66 29 Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals, 71 Harv. L. Rev. 593 (1958) 130 Sexual Abuse Prosecutions, 77 J. Crim. L. & Criminology 1 (1986) 24 xxvi EFTA00077632 UNITED STATES DISTRIC
5, 6, 245 United States v. Salerno, 481 U.S. 739 (1987) 151 United States v. Salmonese, 352 F.3d 608 (2d Cir. 2003) 247, 249 United States v. Sampson, 385 F.3d 183 (2d Cir. 2004) 208 United States v. Sampson, 898 F.3d 270 (2d Cir. 2018) 200, 201 United States v. Sampson, 898 F.3d 287 (2d Cir
le 14 157 Rule 404(b) 186 Other Authorities 149 Cong. Rec. S 5137 30 149 Cong. Rec. S 5147 30 H.R. Conf. Rep. No. 108-66 29 Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals, 71 Harv. L. Rev. 593 (1958) 130 Sexual Abuse Prosecutions, 77 J. Crim. L. & Criminology 1 (1986) 24 xxvi EFTA00039447 UNITED STATES DISTRIC
A00095086 United States v. Salerno, 481 U.S. 739 (1987) 104 United States v. Salmonese, 352 F.3d 608 (2d Cir. 2003) 163, 164 United States v. Sampson, 385 F.3d 183 (2d Cir. 2004) 140 United States v. Sampson, 898 F.3d 270 (2d Cir. 2018) 135, 136 United States v. Sampson, 898 F.3d 287 (2d Cir
riminal Procedure 16 182 N.Y. R.P.C. 3.7(b) 148 Rule 14 139 Rule 404(b) 168 Other Authorities H.R. Conf. Rep. No. 108-66 29 Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals, 71 Harv. L. Rev. 593 (1958) 130 Sexual Abuse Prosecutions, 77 J. Crim. L. & Criminology 1 (1986) 24 United States v. Balde, 20 Cr. 281 206
5, 6, 245 United States v. Salerno, 481 U.S. 739 (1987) 151 United States v. Salmonese, 352 F.3d 608 (2d Cir. 2003) 247, 249 United States v. Sampson, 385 F.3d 183 (2d Cir. 2004) 208 United States v. Sampson, 898 F.3d 270 (2d Cir. 2018) 200, 201 United States v. Sampson, 898 F.3d 287 (2d Cir
le 14 157 Rule 404(b) 186 Other Authorities 149 Cong. Rec. S 5137 30 149 Cong. Rec. S 5147 30 H.R. Conf. Rep. No. 108-66 29 Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals, 71 Harv. L. Rev. 593 (1958) 130 Sexual Abuse Prosecutions, 77 J. Crim. L. & Criminology 1 (1986) 24 xxvi EFTA00103025 UNITED STATES DISTRIC
Entities connected to both Sampson and the Separation of Law and Morals

Jeffrey Epstein
PERSON
United States
LOCATION
Ghislaine Maxwell
PERSONThompson
PERSON
Supreme Court
ORGANIZATIONWerner
PERSONForde
ORGANIZATIONChacko
PERSON
Medina
PERSON
Napolitano
PERSONEmmy Taylor
PERSON
Scarlett Johansson
PERSONNejad
PERSONMarkiewicz
PERSONGaudin
PERSONConcepcion
PERSONthe Southern District
LOCATIONFBI
ORGANIZATIONMostafa
PERSONSalameh
PERSON