Epstein Secrets

nsulted official CRS summaries to assess legislative intent, see, e.g., Rettig v. Pension Ben. Guar. Corp., 744 F.2d 133, 145 & n.7 (D.C. Cir. 1984) DIRECTV Inc. v. Cionarella No. Civ.A 03-2384, 2005 WL 1252261 at 7 (D.N.J. May 24, 2005)' Clohessy v. St Francis How. & Healthcare No. 98-C-4818, 1999 WL 46898

irected to Congress (§ 9, cl. 3), the other to the States (§ 10, cl. 1). We have construed the Clauses as applicable only to penal legislation. See Calder v. Bull, 3 Dail. 386, 390-391, 1 LEd. 648 (1798) (opinion of Chase, J.). These provisions demonstrate that retroactive statutes raise particular concerns.

g consulted official CRS summaries to assess legislative intent, see. e.g., &nig v. Pension Ben. Guar. Com. 744 F.2d 133, 145 & n.7 (D.C. Cr. 1984); DIRECTV Inc. v. Cigoarella No. Civ.A 03-2384, 2005 WL 1252261 at *7 (D.NJ. May 24, 2005); Clohessv v. St Francis Host & Healthcare No. 98-C-4818, 1999 In 46898'

l of otherwise barred claims fell squarely within a category of ex post facto laws condemned by the Supreme Court's seminal ex post facto decision, Calder v. Bull—namely, laws providing for "punishments, where the party was not, by law, liable to any punishment." Id. at 612 (quoting Calder, 3 Dall. 386, 391 (1

g consulted official CRS summaries to assess legislative intent, see. e.g., &nig v. Pension Ben. Guar. Com. 744 F.2d 133, 145 & n.7 (D.C. Cr. 1984); DIRECTV Inc. v. Cigoarella No. Civ.A 03-2384, 2005 WL 1252261 at *7 (D.NJ. May 24, 2005); Clohessv v. St Francis Host & Healthcare No. 98-C-4818, 1999 In 46898'

l of otherwise barred claims fell squarely within a category of ex post facto laws condemned by the Supreme Court's seminal ex post facto decision, Calder v. Bull—namely, laws providing for "punishments, where the party was not, by law, liable to any punishment." Id. at 612 (quoting Calder, 3 Dall. 386, 391 (1

g consulted official CRS summaries to assess legislative intent, see. e.g., &nig v. Pension Ben. Guar. Com. 744 F.2d 133, 145 & n.7 (D.C. Cr. 1984); DIRECTV Inc. v. Cigoarella No. Civ.A 03-2384, 2005 WL 1252261 at *7 (D.NJ. May 24, 2005); Clohessv v. St Francis Host & Healthcare No. 98-C-4818, 1999 In 46898'

l of otherwise barred claims fell squarely within a category of ex post facto laws condemned by the Supreme Court's seminal ex post facto decision, Calder v. Bull—namely, laws providing for "punishments, where the party was not, by law, liable to any punishment." Id. at 612 (quoting Calder, 3 Dall. 386, 391 (1

g consulted official CRS summaries to assess legislative intent, see. e.g., &nig v. Pension Ben. Guar. Com. 744 F.2d 133, 145 & n.7 (D.C. Cr. 1984); DIRECTV Inc. v. Cigoarella No. Civ.A 03-2384, 2005 WL 1252261 at *7 (D.NJ. May 24, 2005); Clohessv v. St Francis Host & Healthcare No. 98-C-4818, 1999 In 46898'

l of otherwise barred claims fell squarely within a category of ex post facto laws condemned by the Supreme Court's seminal ex post facto decision, Calder v. Bull—namely, laws providing for "punishments, where the party was not, by law, liable to any punishment." Id. at 612 (quoting Calder, 3 Dall. 386, 391 (1

g consulted official CRS summaries to assess legislative intent, see. e.g., &nig v. Pension Ben. Guar. Com. 744 F.2d 133, 145 & n.7 (D.C. Cr. 1984); DIRECTV Inc. v. Cigoarella No. Civ.A 03-2384, 2005 WL 1252261 at *7 (D.NJ. May 24, 2005); Clohessv v. St Francis Host & Healthcare No. 98-C-4818, 1999 In 46898'

l of otherwise barred claims fell squarely within a category of ex post facto laws condemned by the Supreme Court's seminal ex post facto decision, Calder v. Bull—namely, laws providing for "punishments, where the party was not, by law, liable to any punishment." Id. at 612 (quoting Calder, 3 Dall. 386, 391 (1