Epstein Secrets

he secular authoritarian model — most recently represented by Sisi — and the radical religious model — represented now by ISIS — have failed," adds Marwan Muasher, the former foreign minister of Jordan and author of "The Second Arab Awakening and the Battle for Pluralism." "They did because they have not addr

ionist, presenting themselves as the holders of absolute truth and of the solution to all society's problems." But the Arab public "is not stupid," Muasher added. "While we will continue to see exclusionist discourses in much of the Arab world for the foreseeable future, results will end up trumping id

r the Arab awakening to hav= any future, the ideology that is most needed now is the one being promoted least: Pluralism. Until that changes, argues Marwan Muasher, in his extremely relevant new book — "T=e Second Arab Awakening and the Battle for Pluralism" — none of the Arab uprisings will succeed. <= class=

President Obama could have done more to restrai= leaders in Iraq, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Iran or Syria from going to extremes. But, ultimately, argues Muasher, this is the Arabs' fight for their polit=cal future. If 500,000 American troops in Iraq, and $1 trillion, could not impl=nt lasting pluralism in th

and Egypt? Alfred Stepan Article 3. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace A Decade of Struggling Reform Efforts in Jordan (Summary + Conclusion) Marwan Muasher Article 4. Foreign Policy Syria: Too Big to Fail? Aaron David Miller Article 5. The Daily Star Syria fortifies Obama in his indecision Michael Young

sher is vice president for studies at the Carnegie Endowment, where he oversees the Endowment's research in Washington and Beirut on the Middle East. Muasher served as foreign minister (2002-2004) and deputy prime minister (2004-2005) of Jordan, and his career has spanned the areas of diplomacy, developmen