Epstein Secrets

Enigma encoding machines, with three encoding wheels, proved more of a challenge. Initially, British cryptanalysts led by the brilliant mathematician Alan Turing succeeded in build- ing a rudimentary computer to decipher Germany’s messages to its submarines and bombers, but in 1942 Germany added a fourth set o

before he became president | | Epst_9780451494566_2p_all_r1.indd 220 @ 9/30/16 8:13AM | | HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_019708 The Russians Are Coming | 221 of the Russian Federation in 2000, he made no secret that his goal was to prevent the United States from obtaining what he termed “global hegemony.” His logic was clear. He ju

Enigma encoding machines, with three encoding wheels, proved more of a challenge. Initially British cryptanalysts led by the brilliant mathematician Alan Turing succeeded in building a rudimentary computer to decipher German messages to its submarines and bombers, but, in 1942, Germany added a fourth set of e

e end of history, Putin had his own ideas about restoring Russia’s power in the post-Cold War. A formidable KGB officer before he became President of the Russian Federation in 2000, he made no secret that his goal was to prevent the United States from obtaining what he termed “global hegemony.” His logic was clear. He ju

redictability and emergence are regarded as the best way to grow. 119 Long before the idea of a smart phone or 3D goggles, the British mathematician Alan Turing anticipated their arrival when he dreamed of what he called a “universal device”!2°: A notional box that, starting from the ones and zeros of digitiz

ge; power moves. You can see leaders struggle with this constant shifting: Think of the “Englightened Despotism” of the 18 Century as Frederick II of Prussia, Joseph II of the Hapsburgs and Catherine IJ in St. Petersburg each struggled to marry the then-new ideas of liberty with older instincts of control.

ended and the machine began. This was a puzzle that had been, in a sense, anticipated at the very dawn of the digital revolution by the mathematician Alan Turing in a 1950 paper called “Computing Machinery and Intelligence” that he published in the British journal Mind. “Can machines think?” Turing began.?5” H

s it may have seemed in theory or drills or in midnight massacres in the African bush, some steam-press built for cold rolling the armies Belgium and Prussia and France. In fact, the weapons encouraged battle as they piled endlessly in national arsenals. They tickled fears of fast or surprise attack, even