Epstein Secrets

MIND OVER COMPUTER Computer versus Human “I visualize a time when we will be to robots what dogs are to humans, and I'm rooting for the machines.” Claude Shannon “The question of whether computers can think is just like the question of whether submarines can swim.” Edgar Dijkstra HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_015693 Kas

ence to trawl through this vast reservoir of knowledge and answer questions using a statistical approach. In 2011, Watson featured as a contestant on Jeopardy, the American quiz show, where it beat the two record-holding contestants — the one with the highest number of wins and the one with most consecutive

series of dinners—an ongoing seminar about media, communications, art, music, and philosophy that focused on Cage’s interest in the ideas of Wiener, Claude Shannon, and Marshall McLuhan, all of whom had currency in the New York art circles in which I was then moving. In particular, Cage had picked up on McLuhan’

ages, it uses thousands of times more energy than a human brain (a technological limitation that, as he also notes, may be temporary). Its victory in Jeopardy! was a genuine triumph, made possible by the formulaic restrictions of the Jeopardy! rules, but in order for it to compete, even these rules had to b

arguments in Zhe Human Use of Human Beings seem closer to the 19th century than the 21st. In particular, although Wiener made reference throughout to Claude Shannon’s then-new work on information theory, he seems not to have fully embraced Shannon’s notion of information as consisting of irreducible, meaning-free

its of beam-fabrication methods at around 10-nanometer feature size. Power (energy consumption) issues are also apparent: The great Watson, winner of Jeopardy!, used 85,000 watts real time, while the human brains were using 20 watts each. To be fair, the human body needs 100 watts to operate and twenty year

series of dinners—an ongoing seminar about media, communications, art, music, and philosophy that focused on Cage’s interest in the ideas of Wiener, Claude Shannon, and Marshall McLuhan, all of whom had currency in the New York art circles in which I was then moving. In particular, Cage had picked up on McLuhan’

ages, it uses thousands of times more energy than a human brain (a technological limitation that, as he also notes, may be temporary). Its victory in Jeopardy! was a genuine triumph, made possible by the formulaic restrictions of the Jeopardy! rules, but in order for it to compete, even these rules had to b

arguments in Zhe Human Use of Human Beings seem closer to the 19th century than the 21st. In particular, although Wiener made reference throughout to Claude Shannon’s then-new work on information theory, he seems not to have fully embraced Shannon’s notion of information as consisting of irreducible, meaning-free

its of beam-fabrication methods at around 10-nanometer feature size. Power (energy consumption) issues are also apparent: The great Watson, winner of Jeopardy!, used 85,000 watts real time, while the human brains were using 20 watts each. To be fair, the human body needs 100 watts to operate and twenty year