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ussian-backed government of Ukraine, the biggest standoff between Moscow and the West was in the Middle East— specifically in Syria, where President Bashar al-Assad, with support from Russian President Vladimir Putin, is embroiled in a brutal four-year civil war. But while Washington's policymakers are focusin
ussia's southern fringe. Already Moscow knows there are a considerable number of Chechens fighting with al-Qaida-linked jihadist groups against the Assad regime, and the Russians are naturally concerned about these individuals returning to Russia if Assad is overthrown. EFTA00717210 The Russians al
ha is working on getting things [back] on the old track, and they're ending all their commitments to groups in Syria. The differences on President [Bashar al-] Assad's future will probably be left for the Syrian people to decide." EFTA00717216 The latest developments in the Gulf have led many to ret
ins a naval base in the coastal Syrian city of Tartus —Russia's only port in the Mediterranean and a crucial sea link given that access to and from the Black Sea is controlled by Turkey, a NATO-member country. Last May, the Russian navy established what was described as a permanent Mediterranean naval task f
In addition, various political figures and commentators have praised or come to the defense of despotic rulers including Abdel Fattah al-Sisi and Bashar al-Assad. 6. Modem authoritarians can be expected to dou- ble down on their drive to neuter civil society as an incubator of reformist ideas and political
o defend embattled allies like Syria's 8ashar al-Assad. There is also growing replica- tion of what migh
which 33,000 troops rehearsed the invasion of Sweden, Norway, Finland, and Denmark." The Russian navy has held multiple, large-scale exercises in the Black Sea to defy NATO, assert its control over Crimea, and threaten Georgia.1° Russian and Abkhaz separatist officials have announced what amounts to a mer
ago. But Obama's er jection of U.S. military involvement in Syria's civil war, in which 140,000 people have died since he first called on President Bashar al-Assad to step down, is the leading example of his second term. So, too, is the Pentagon budget proposal outlined this past week that would cut the size o
. EFTA00705926 At a G-8 meeting the following year in Northern Ireland, Obama and Putin met and made no headway toward resolving differences over Assad's leadership of Syria. The two exchanged an awkward back-and-forth over Putin's passion for martial arts before the Russian leader summed up the m
his country's power a generation after the collapse of the Soviet Union. He thought that he would achieve this by building an Olympic wonderland on the Black Sea for fifty-one billion dollars and putting on a dazzling television show. It turns out that he EFTA00705916 will finish the season in a more ruthl
Entities connected to both Bashar al-Assad and the Black Sea

Barack Obama
PERSON
United States
LOCATION
George W. Bush
PERSON
Lebanon
LOCATION
Benjamin Netanyahu
PERSON
Tehran
LOCATION
Bill Clinton
PERSON
Jeffrey Epstein
PERSON
Middle East
LOCATION
Marc Rich
PERSON
Cairo
LOCATION
Saddam Hussein
PERSON
Vladimir Putin
PERSON
Yemen
LOCATION
Hillary Clinton
PERSON
Jerusalem
LOCATION
Department of Justice
ORGANIZATION
Donald Trump
PERSON
Joe Biden
PERSON
Fatah
ORGANIZATION