Epstein Secrets

district court decisions, which provides further support for the conclusion that the CVRA applies before charges have been filed. In United States v. Rubin,” victims of a federal securities fraud argued that they had CVRA rights even before prosecutors filed a superseding indictment covering the specific

e all federal prosecutors are located) but other agencies as well, such 155 150 Cona. REc. 7303 (2004) (statement of Sen. Jon Kyl). 156 Iq 157 See SUSAN EstRICH, REAL Rape 50-51 (1987) (describing how a rape victim’s sexual history may be used against her in court proceedings), Beloof, supra note 38, at 309-1

respect for [his or her] dignity and privacy,’ ... may apply before any prosecution is underway" (quoting /8 U.S.C. § 377I(a))); cf. United States v. Rubin, 558 F. Supp. 2d 411, 419 (E.D.N.Y. 2008) (assuming without deciding that some federal victim rights may apply before any prosecution is under way, b

t sexual conduct because in rape prosecutions "the material issue is on the willingness or reluctance of the prosecutrix - an act of the mind"). 181 Susan Estrich, Real Rape 8 (1987). 182 See id. at 8-22 (describing traditional rape definitions, spousal exception, evidentiary rules, and police responses to rap

isions, which provides further 79 victims of a support for the conclusion that the CVRA applies before charges have been filed. In United States v. Rubin, federal securities fraud argued that they had CVRA rights even before prosecutors filed a superseding indictment covering the specific crimes affec

ims in negotiating active criminal proceedings." !©* OLC then asserted: 155 150 Cong. Rec. 7303 (2004) (statement of Sen. Jon Kyl). 156 Td. 157 See Susan Estrich, Real Rape 50-51 (1987) (describing how a rape victim's sexual history may be used against her in court proceedings); Beloof, supra note 38, at 309-1