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e countries had stopovers in a country that was an ally of the United States, where officials could seize Snowden. The three excep- tions were China, North Korea (via China), and Russia. The only one of these three countries that Snowden is known to have had contact with directly during his thirty-three-day s
nt to release defamatory information about individuals who have embarrassed USS. intelligence by defecting. When two NSA analysts, William Martin and Bernon Mitchell, defected to Russia in the 1960s and accused the NSA of violating international law after arriving in Moscow, U.S. government officials responded by
ations Center in Oahu. It employed threat analysts to surrep- titiously monitor the secret activities of potential enemies, mainly China, Russia, and North Korea. A large part of their job was to make transparent to the United States the hostile activities of the Russian and Chinese services so that they posed
defected to Moscow. The history of this venerable enterprise is instructive. The first two defectors in the NSA’s history were William Mar- tin and Bernon Mitchell. They were mathematicians working on the NSA’s decryption machines who went to Moscow via Cuba in 1960. The Russian intelligence service, then called
811 9/30/16 e13.am | | 324 | Notes to pages 214-231 212 “it stays secret’: De, “Former NSA Lawyer on ‘Harm’ of Edward Snowden’s Revelations.” 212 North Korea in 1968: John Prados and Jack Cheevers, “USS Pueblo: LBJ Con- sidered Nuclear Weapons,” National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 453, J
Up Spying on Russia.” 218 Russian acronym SORM: Steven Aftergood, “The Red Web: Russia and the Internet,” FAS, Oct. 5, 2015. 219 William Martin and Bernon Mitchell: David P. Mowry, “Betrayers of the Trust,” Cryptologic Almanac 50th Anniversary Series (NSA), Feb. 28, 2003. 220 Victor Norris Hamilton: “American D
w on the activities of adversary nations in the Pacific region, it was able to monitor the ballistic missile tests and submarine activities of China, North Korea and Russia. As the NSA developed it, this Hawatian base became one of its primary regional bases for gathering Asian communications intelligence. By
ment to release defamatory information about individuals who have embarrassed US intelligence by defecting. When two NSA analysts, William Martin and Bernon Mitchell, defected to Russia in the 1960s and accused the NSA of violating international law after arriving in Moscow, U.S. government officials responded by
xceptions, the flights to them had stopovers in a country that was an ally of the US, and which could seize Snowden. The three exceptions were China, North Korea (via China) and Russia. The only one of these three countries, or any other country, that Snowden is known to have dealt with directly during his 33
so defected to Moscow. The history of this venerable enterprise is instructive. The first two defectors in the NSA’s history were William Martin and Bernon Mitchell. They were mathematicians working on the NSA’s decryption machines who went to Moscow via Cuba in 1960. The Russian intelligence service, then called
Entities connected to both North Korea and Bernon Mitchell

Jeffrey Epstein
PERSON
Donald Trump
PERSON
Barack Obama
PERSON
George W. Bush
PERSON
United States
LOCATION
Joe Biden
PERSON
Department of Justice
ORGANIZATION
Virginia Giuffre
PERSON
Marc Rich
PERSON
Bill Clinton
PERSONLeon Black
PERSON
Stephen Hawking
PERSON
Julie K. Brown
PERSON
Eric Trump
PERSON
Prince Charles
PERSON
Vladimir Putin
PERSON
George Mitchell
PERSON
John F. Kennedy
PERSON
Hillary Clinton
PERSON
Bashar al-Assad
PERSON