ent forms—physical and psychological. Physical grooming involves the gradual sexualization of the relationship between the offender and the victim (Berliner & Conte, 1990). Psychological grooming is used to achieve this increased sexualization. At first, the offender may justify the sexual behaviour through pro

hildren (Conte et al., 1989). These vulnerabilities may be that the children have a poor relationship with their parents, do not have many friends (Berliner & Conte, 1990), or have already been victimized (Leberg, 1997). Alternatively, offenders may target women who were sexually abused as children, because the

may make the child feel loved, use bribes or inducements, exploit his/her vulnerabilities, engage in peer-like activities, and befriend the child (Berliner & Conte, 1990; Harms & van Dam, 1992; Lederc et al., 2009; Marshall et al., 2015). Additionally, literature has identified that some offenders may provide