out whether the US should shift its focus to negotiations rather than a war with no end date and murky metrics for progress" in its campaign against Al-Shabab. The question is said to have "grown more urgent with serious setbacks in recent years for al Qaeda and the Islamic State group," but it is "unclear

ut whether the US should shift its focus to negotiations rather than a war with no end date and murky metrics for progress" in its campaign against Al-Shabab. The question is said to have "grown more urgent with serious setbacks in recent years for al Qaeda and the Islamic State group," but it is "unclea

ked to instability). Local circumstances/actors need to be understood in each case; • Little political will by de facto authorities (i.e. Taliban, Al-Shabab, Boko Haram, local officials) in the affected regions to assist in polio eradication, indeed active opposition in some cases; • Lack of trust if

ut whether the US should shift its focus to negotiations rather than a war with no end date and murky metrics for progress" in its campaign against Al-Shabab. The question is said to have "grown more urgent with serious setbacks in recent years for al Qaeda and the Islamic State group," but it is "unclea