e July 27, 2006, which was date Walsh Act was enacted; and (3) defendant's prosecution under 18 USCS § 2250(a) for violating Walsh Act did not raise U.S. Coast. art 1, § 9, cl. 3, Ex Post Facto Clause concerns because defendant was notified, at time of his conviction, that he would have to register in any n

student status while remaining within state had too tenuous connection to substantial effect upon interstate commerce; Necessary and Proper Clause, U.S. Coast. art I, § 8, cl. 18, did not salvage constitutionality of § 16913 because § 16913 was not reasonably adapted means to achieve constitutional objecti

s, powers that we have consistently described as 'plenary and exclus- ive' ... This Court has traditionally identified the In- dian Commerce Clause, U.S. Coast., Art. I, § 8. cl. 3, and the Treaty Clause, Art. II, § 2, cl. 2, as sources of that power.") (citations omitted). Indeed, the Supreme Court has c