als in the Western world. The first recorded mention of the vagus nerve came from the Greek physician Claudius Galen (130-200 AD), who lived in the Roman Empire and studied the vagus nerve in gladiators whose injuries he treated, and also in the Barbary apes and pigs that he dissected in order to learn more

ne or inside the human immune system, the accept-or-reject decision determines a great deal. The first sign of order breaking down, whether it is the Roman Empire or your lungs, is an inability to manage what slips in and out. Flows of bits, of migrants, of gold and patents and medicines -— all of these life-gi