n with respect to Iraq, Lebanon, Gaza, and Afghanistan." Iraq's centrality in the Iranian revolutionary narrative was, as Muhammad Sahimi wrote in Tehran Bureau, the reason that the Qods Force was established in the 1980s: to train Iraq's Kurds (and Shia) against Saddam. Interestingly, noted the same author

The verses of this poem are widely known, in Iran as in Afghanistan. See Aria Fani 'One Tongue, No Tongue: "Return" and 'Afghan-Iranian Dialogue', Tehran Bureau, 13 May 2012, http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontlineitehranbureau/2012 /05/poetry-one-tongue-no-tongue-retum-and-its-story-of-cultural-dialogue.htm