™ undexd -05 875 90 -0.6 775 -0.7 675 -3% 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Source: Citigroup, Bloomberg. Source: Eurostat, Bundesbank. After four years that challenge some of the basic assumptions of efficient markets and laissez-faire capitalism, there is a pent-up demand for norm

ain & Portugal 16% 105. 14% 100 17% i 10% od B% 85 G% Germany ad Ao, a aa 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 0% aa ae ; Source: INE, CSO, ISTAT, NSS, Eurostat, Bundesbank, J.P. Morgan Ve7O gf TOG 188 TO 1D ZO aT Securities LLC, J.P. Morgan Private Bank. Periphery =Portugal, Ireland, lialy, Source: J.P. Morgan Private B

me to fail. Industrial production Index, 100 = January 2007 110 105 100 95 90 85 80 15 2007 2009 2010 2011 Source: INE, CSO, ISTAT, NSS, Eurostat, Bundesbank, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, J.P. Morgan Private Bank. Periphery = Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece, Spain. 2008 * The current EFSF lending capacit

re eventually shut down after the ECB (for now) rejected being the buyer of last resort for Italian government bonds, as the markets were hoping. The Bundesbank apparently has objections to the idea. This is a problem: Italy has issued around as much public debt as Germany, but is a considerably smaller count

re eventually shut down after the ECB (for now) rejected being the buyer of last resort for Italian government bonds, as the markets were hoping. The Bundesbank apparently has objections to the idea. This is a problem: Italy has issued around as much public debt as Germany, but is a considerably smaller count

16 Fig 8. 10-year government bond yields US UK Germany Japan 0.0 Source: US - US Treasury Resource Center, UK - Bank of England Data, Germany - Bundesbank Statistics, Japan - Ministry of Finance Interest Rate Index. Data taken as daily average yield on 30 December 2016. HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_026696 --- PAGE

re eventually shut down after the ECB (for now) rejected being the buyer of last resort for Italian government bonds, as the markets were hoping. The Bundesbank apparently has objections to the idea. This is a problem: Italy has issued around as much public debt as Germany, but is a considerably smaller count

or parties are unflinching supporters of the European project, and will do whatever it takes to prevent a break-up. The objections from members of he Bundesbank are described as lonely voices of opposition that carry no weight [a]. But how large are the costs goin‹ to be? German politicians and voters may see