Epstein Secrets

ivate benefits that criminal justice is now widely recognized to afford, and owe, to victims. 27 See Morrison v. Olson, 487 U.S. 654, 727-28 (1988) (Scalia, J., dissenting) ("Law enforcement is not automatic ... . What every prosecutor is practically required to do is to select the cases for prosecution

: Room for Debate (Apr. 9, 2015), hittps://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2015/04/09/are -police-too-quick-to-use-force. 32 See Michael Planty et al, U.S. Dep't of Justice, Female Victims of Sexual Violence, 1994-2010, at 6 (2013), hittps://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pd{/{vsv9410.pdf (estimating portion of sexual assaults

, the Department extends to victims the right to confer with prosecutors in situations where plea discussions occur before charges have been brought. U.S. Dep't of Justice, Office for Victims of Crime, Attorney General Guidelines for Victim and Witness Assistance 41-42 (2011 ed., rev. May 2012) [hereinafter Attorney Gen

protected rights under the Act even before charges are filed. [*73] C. COURTS RECOGNIZE THAT CRIME VICTIMS HAVE CVRA RIGHTS BEFORE CHARGING 4 See Antonin Scalia & Bryan A. Garner, Reading Law: The Interpretation of Legal Texts 56 (2012). % 18 U.S.C. § 3771(a) (2012) (enumerating eight rights); id. § 3771(c)(

dopted amendments to their own state constitutions, | which protect a wide range of victims’ rights. ® Payne v. Tennessee, 501 U.S. 808, 834 (1991) (Scalia, J., concurring) (internal quotations omitted). See generally Douglas E. Beloof, Paul G. Cassell & Steven J. Twist, Victims in Criminal Procedure 638

ion only on a matter that is not in dispute"). 159 Cassell, Proposed Amendments, supra note 4, at 868. 160 Proposed Amendments, supra note 71. 161 U.S. Dep't of Justice, Office for Victims of Crime, Attorney General Guidelines for Victim and Witness Assistance 30 (2005) (defining what can be considered in determining

nial Revolution in Criminal Justice: The Return of the Victim, 13 Am. Crim. L. Rev. 649, 650 (1976). 5 Payne v. Tennessee, 501 U.S. 808, 834 (1991) (Scalia, J., concurring) (internal quotation marks omitted). See generally Douglas Evan Beloof, Paul G. Cassell & Steve J. Twist, Victims in Criminal Procedu

nesses),; Pub L. No. 101-647, 104 Stat. 4789 (1990). 35 Victim and Witness Protection Act, Pub. L. No. 97-291, 6(a), 96 Stat. 1248, 1252 (1982). 36 U.S. Dep't of Justice, Office of the Att'y Gen., Attorney General Guidelines for Victim and Witness Assistance (1995). 37 Td. 38 U.S. Dep't of Justice, Office of the Att'