Epstein Secrets

nial Revolution in Criminal Justice: The Return of the Victim, 13 Am. Crim. L. Rev. 649, 650 (1976). 5 Payne v. Tennessee, 501 U.S. 808, 834 (1991) (Scalia, J., concurring) (internal quotation marks omitted). See generally Douglas Evan Beloof, Paul G. Cassell & Steve J. Twist, Victims in Criminal Procedu

1985 Utah L. Rev. 517; Douglas Evan Beloof, The Third Model of Criminal Process: The Victim Participation Model, /999 Utah LE. Rev. 289 [hereinafter Beloof, The Third Model of Criminal Process]; Paul G. Cassell, Balancing the Scales of Justice, 1994 Utah E. Rev. 1373, 1380-82; Abraham S. Goldstein, Defin

acts, “they would have taken steps to object” to the plea agreement, and that they believed criminal prosecution to be “extremely important”). 4 See ANTONIN SCALIA & BRYAN A. GARNER, READING Law: THE INTERPRETATION OF LEGAL TEXTS 56 (2012). °° 18 U.S.C. § 3771(a) (2012) (enumerating eight rights), id. § 3771(c)

156 Iq 157 See SUSAN EstRICH, REAL Rape 50-51 (1987) (describing how a rape victim’s sexual history may be used against her in court proceedings), Beloof, supra note 38, at 309-10 (collecting examples of victims’ issues that arise during the investigative process); see also PRESIDENT’S TASK FORCE ON VI

?, supra note 18, at 515-22 (discussing McVeigh). 4 150 Cong. Rec. 7297; see 18 U.S.C. § 3771 (2012). For a description of victim participation, see Beloof, Cassell & Twist, supra note 6, at 728-33, % 18 U.S.C. § 3771(a)(8). 2 Id. § 3771(a)(5). 27 Id. § 3771 (c)(1). 28 Id. § 3771(d)(1). 2% Id. § 377

protected rights under the Act even before charges are filed. [*73] C. COURTS RECOGNIZE THAT CRIME VICTIMS HAVE CVRA RIGHTS BEFORE CHARGING 4 See Antonin Scalia & Bryan A. Garner, Reading Law: The Interpretation of Legal Texts 56 (2012). % 18 U.S.C. § 3771(a) (2012) (enumerating eight rights); id. § 3771(c)(

dopted amendments to their own state constitutions, | which protect a wide range of victims’ rights. ® Payne v. Tennessee, 501 U.S. 808, 834 (1991) (Scalia, J., concurring) (internal quotations omitted). See generally Douglas E. Beloof, Paul G. Cassell & Steven J. Twist, Victims in Criminal Procedure 638

for President Bush). 4 150 Cong. Rec. $4263 (daily ed. Apr. 22, 2004) (statement of Sen. Feinstein). For a description of victim participation, see Beloof, supra note 6. 55 18 U.S.C. § 3771 (a) (2006). DAVID SCHOEN HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_017641 --- PAGE BREAK --- Page 7 of 78 2007 Utah L. Rev. 861, *870 s