Epstein Secrets

for the last two centuries. Almost all the other rich countries have followed a different path. In the

deed, one would be hard pressed to find an experimental refutation of any orthodox neoclassical proposition in the last four decades, so appeals to Popper were more ceremonial than substantial. Of course, sometimes the natural sciences encountered something commensurable to a crisis in their own field

es old, and have been well thought through. It is rich in possibilities because it has to be. It must de

r philosopher, Karl Popper, found fault with this idea a century later. Popper was one of those | mentioned who disapprove of truisms. | haven’t read Popper, but gather that he thought it improper to define fitness as potential survival, and then measure it as survival. That objection is close to being un

he other. “John”, he said in a deep voice with a rich aristocratic British accent, “you are a phony.” “

in artificial general intelligence (AGI). Here I'll reserve the term “thinking” for processes that can create understanding (explanatory knowledge). Popper’s argument implies that all thinking entities—human or not, biological or artificial—must create such knowledge in fundamentally the same way. Hence

he other. “John”, he said in a deep voice with a rich aristocratic British accent, “you are a phony.” “

in artificial general intelligence (AGI). Here I'll reserve the term “thinking” for processes that can create understanding (explanatory knowledge). Popper’s argument implies that all thinking entities—human or not, biological or artificial—must create such knowledge in fundamentally the same way. Hence