Epstein Secrets

eriences of sexual abuse can become inaccessible to con- sciousness. Although core features of stressful events are often panicu- lwly well retained (Christianson. 1992), debate centers on whether, for highly traumatic events, special memory mechanisms supercede normal memory processes. Some researchers argue

actors like event salience and personal rele- vance may facilitate memory retention (e.g., Baker-Ward. Hess. & Flanagan, 1990: Bower & Sivers. 1998; Christianson, 1992). severe abuse, which typically includes invasive sexual contact, force, or both. would be more likely to be remembered than less severe abus

ng adults who, more than a decade earlier, were involved in criminal prosecutions as victims of CSA and participated in a study of court testimony (Goodman et al., 1992). De- tailed documentation of the abuse was available for all cases. The re- search goals were to (a) compare disclosure rates of documented CS

aps because of their salience or distinctiveness. They may activate physiological (e.g., amygrIala; LeDoux, 2000) and behavioral (e.g., rehearsal; Christianson, 1992) responses that help con- solidate or maintain memories, possibly including memories for whole categories of experiences. Moreover, for highly

e, compared with females, males may be less likely to dis- close CSA (e.g., Finkelhor, Hotaling, Lewis, & Smith, 1990; Widom & Morris, 1997; but see Goodman et al., 2003) and may have less detailed autobiographical memories about emotional events (Davis, 1999). If males are hesitant to talk about CSA, their m

03) for details about the measures in the original study and identification of target eases. enpectively. sfin predictors of Mime I disclosure. see Goodman et al. j2003). An identical analysis predicting disc home in the smaller Mime 3 sample revealed similar findings. ahlsough age no longer significantly pre

der the relation of the event to one's life course (Berntsen & Rubin, 2006; Frankenhuis & Weenh, 2013); the emotional or taboo nature of the acts (Christianson, 1992; Goodman et al., 1990); meta-cognitive abilities (Koriat et al., 2000), especially in relation to schema-expected, plausible acts (Pezdek et

opardy in the courtroom: A scientific analysis of chiklren's testimony. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. doi:10.1037/10180- 000 Christianson, S. A. (1992). Emotional stress and eyewitness memory: A critical review. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 284-309. Connolly, I). A., Chong, K., Cobur

n, 2015; Van Abbema & Bauer, 2005). For example, adolescents and adults accurately remember injuries and assaults experienced 6 to 13 years prior (Goodman et al., 2003; Greenhoot, McClo- skey, & Glisky, 2005). Young children's ability to remember details of a medical event decreases over an initial 3-month p

d the most important compo- nents of the stressful event, leading to enhanced memory for those components but weaker memory for peripheral details (Christianson, 1992). Forgetting and ermrs still occur. but they typically do so to a lesser extent than for memory of less nega- tive events, even in children (C

ated to that maltreatment. Study I started as research on 4- to 17-year-ohls involved (as alleged victims) in prosecutions for child sexual abuse (Goodman et al., 1992). Documentation gathered at the start of the study included information from police and prosecu- tors' records, interviews with nonoffending p