Epstein Secrets

tion." United States v. BP Products North America, Inc., 2008 WL 501321 at *11, citing United States v. Armstrong, 517 U.S. 456, 464 (1996)(quoting Bordenkircher v. Hayes, 434 U.S. 357, 364 (1978)). Allowing claims like Petitioners' to proceed would open the inner workings of that prosecutorial discretion an

"case" as "a question contested before a court of justice"). This general understanding is equally applicable to criminal proceedings. In Chavez v. Martinez, 538 U.S. 760 (2005), the Supreme Court held that a criminal "case" — as distinct from an investigation — "at the very least requires the initiation

etion." United States v. BP Products North America, Inc 2008 WL 501321 at *11, citing United States v. Armstrong , 517 U.S. 456, 464 (1996)( quoting Bordenkircher v. Hayes , 434 U.S. 357, 364 (1978)). Allowing claims like Petitioners' to proceed would open the inner workings of that prosecutorial discretion

"case" as "a question contested before a court of justice"). This general understanding is equally applicable to criminal proceedings. In Chavez v. Martinez , 538 U.S. 760 (2005), the Supreme Court held that a criminal "case" — as distinct from an investigation — "at the very least requires the initiati

tion." United States v. BP Products North America, Inc., 2008 WL 501321 at *11, citing United States v. Armstrong, 517 U.S. 456, 464 (1996)(quoting Bordenkircher v. Hayes, 434 U.S. 357, 364 (1978)). Allowing claims like Petitioners' to proceed would open the inner workings of that prosecutorial discretion an

"case" as "a question contested before a court of justice"). This general understanding is equally applicable to criminal proceedings. In Chavez v. Martinez, 538 U.S. 760 (2005), the Supreme Court held that a criminal "case" — as distinct from an investigation — "at the very least requires the initiation

etion." United States v. BP Products North America, Inc., 2008 WL 501321 at *11, citing United States v. Armstrong, 517 U.S. 456, 464 (1996Xquoting Bordenkircher v. Hayes, 434 U.S. 357, 364 (1978)). Allowing claims like Petitioners' to proceed would open the inner workings of that prosecutorial discretion an

re "merely a statement of assertion or concession made for some independent purpose," and may be controverted or explained by the party who made it. Martinez v. Bally's Louisiana, Inc., 244 F.3d 474, 476-77 (V' Cir. 2001), citing McNamara v. Miller, 269 F.2d 511, 515 (D.C. Cir. 1959). In contrast, a judi