Epstein Secrets

, offenders gain insider status long before they start abusing a victim (van Dam, 2001). Grooming is therefore a well- organized long-term activity (Sanford, 1982). Offenders groom the community so well that if a victim discloses their abuse, the community may support the offender rather than the victim,

ould be able to account for the phenomenon of sexual grooming. Until recently there have been three dominant theories of child sexual abuse, namely Finkelhor's Pre-condition Model (1984); Marshall and Barbaree's Integrated Theory• (1990); and Hall and Hirschman's Quadripartite Model (1992). In 2002, Ward

, offenders gain insider status long before they start abusing a victim (van Dam, 2001). Grooming is therefore a well- organized long-term activity (Sanford, 1982). Offenders groom the community so well that if a victim discloses their abuse, the community may support the offender rather than the victim,

ould be able to account for the phenomenon of sexual grooming. Until recently there have been three dominant theories of child sexual abuse, namely Finkelhor's Pre-condition Model (1984); Marshall and Barbaree's Integrated Theory (1990); and Hall and Hirschman's Quadripartite Model (1992). In 2002, Ward

lands; 3Department of Behavioral Sciences, ACTA, University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; "School of Health Sciences, Salford University, Manchester, United I0ngdom Background: Delayed disclosure ofrape has been associated with impaired mental health; it is, therefore, important to u

d, 2004; McElvaney, 2015; Smith et al., 2000). Incidence studies in the United States and Canada report decreasing CSA rates (Fallon et al., 2015; Finkelhor, Shattuck, Turner, & Hamby, 2014; Trocme et al., 2005, 2008), while at the same time global trends from systematic reviews and meta- analyses have

R., ... Goel, S. (2015). Ontario Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect 2013 (OIS 2013). Toronto, ON: Child Welfare Research Portal. Finkelhor, D., Shattuck, A., Turner, FL A., & Ilamby, S. L. (2014). Trends in children's exposure to violence, 2003 to 2011. JAMA Pediatrics, 168, 540 546. d

lands; 3Department of Behavioral Sciences, ACTA, University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; °School of Health Sciences, Salford University, Manchester, United Kingdom Background: Delayed disclosure of rape has been associated with impaired mental health; it is, therefore, important to