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defected to Moscow. The history of this venerable enterprise is instructive. The first two defectors in the NSA’s history were William Mar- tin and Bernon Mitchell. They were mathematicians working on the NSA’s decryption machines who went to Moscow via Cuba in 1960. The Russian intelligence service, then called
a “fixer,” the curious term that journalists commonly use to describe a local intermediary who arranges appointments in foreign countries. I retained Zamir Gotta, a highly respected TV producer in Mos- cow, who I was told had helped “fix” the Bamford interview with Snowden. “There is only one door to Snowden,
Up Spying on Russia.” 218 Russian acronym SORM: Steven Aftergood, “The Red Web: Russia and the Internet,” FAS, Oct. 5, 2015. 219 William Martin and Bernon Mitchell: David P. Mowry, “Betrayers of the Trust,” Cryptologic Almanac 50th Anniversary Series (NSA), Feb. 28, 2003. 220 Victor Norris Hamilton: “American D
these trips, and generously provided pho- tographs for this book. I thank Alexander Bitter in Hawaii, Joyce Xu in Hong Kong, Ko Shoiya in Japan, and Zamir Gotta, Natalie Filkina, and Svetlana Chervonnaya in Russia for their help in arranging my interviews in those places. I also owe special thanks to Nick Gru
so defected to Moscow. The history of this venerable enterprise is instructive. The first two defectors in the NSA’s history were William Martin and Bernon Mitchell. They were mathematicians working on the NSA’s decryption machines who went to Moscow via Cuba in 1960. The Russian intelligence service, then called
w “fixer,” the curious term that journalists commonly use to describe a local intermediary who arranges appointments in foreign countries. I retained Zamir Gotta, a highly respected TV producer in Moscow, who I was told had helped “fix” the Bamford interview with Snowden. HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_020344 193 “There i
Entities connected to both Bernon Mitchell and Zamir Gotta

Booz Allen
PERSONThe Nation
ORGANIZATIONGellman
PERSON
Hawaii
LOCATION
George W. Bush
PERSON
Keith Alexander
PERSON
Vladimir Putin
PERSONBen Wizner
PERSON
Barack Obama
PERSON
North Korea
LOCATION
Edward Snowden
PERSON
Alan Dershowitz
PERSON
Micah Lee
PERSONMorell
PERSON
WikiLeaks
ORGANIZATION
Jacob Appelbaum
PERSON
Barton Gellman
PERSON
Aeroflot
ORGANIZATION
Mitch McConnell
PERSON
Sarah Harrison
PERSON