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dan, 668 F.3d at 1193-94 (noting that an alternative approach, a "rational nexus test" has been adopted by the Third, Ninth, and D.C. Circuits). In Human Rights Watch v. FBI, No. 13-CV-7360 (JPO), 2015 WL 5459713 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 16, 2015), Judge Oetken concluded that Williams did not require the per se rule, did n
pending or reasonably foreseeable at the time of the withholding. See,e.g., Kay v. F.C.C., 976 F. Supp. 23, 37-38 (D.D.C. 1997) (citing N.L.R.B. v. Robbins Tire & Rubber Co.,437 U.S. 214, 220 (1978)). The government's burden to establish the applicability of Exemption 7(A) is not high; the government need only show that
vacy, 181 F. Supp. 2d 356 (S.D.N.Y. 2002) 15 Halpern v. F.B.I., 181 F.3d 279 (2d Cir. 1999) 15 Hopkins v. HUD, 929 F.2d 81 (2d Cir. 1991) 12 Human Rights Watch v. BOP, No. 13-CV-7360 (JP0), 2015 WL 5459713 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 16, 2015) 7, 21 EFTA00071586 Case 1:20-cv-00833-PAE Document 41 Filed 01/15/21 Pag
07 F. Supp. 3d 334 (S.D.N.Y. 2019) 19 Kubik v. U.S. Fed. Bureau of Prisons, No. 10-6078-TC, 2011 WL 2619538 (D. Or. July 1, 2011) 19 N.L.R.B v. Robbins Tire & Rubber Co., 437 U.S. 214 (1978) 6 Nat? Archives & Records Admin. v. Favish, 541 U.S. 157 (2004) 11, 13, 14 New York Times Co. v. Dep't of Justice, No. 1
N.Y. 2002) 5 Grand Cent. P .ship v. Cuomo, 166 F.3d 473 (2d Cir. 1999) 13, 14 Hopkins v. U.S. Dept of Housing and Urban Dev., 929 F.2d 81 13 Human Rights Watch v BOP, No. 13-CV-7360 (JPO), 2015 WL 5459713 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 16, 2015) 9, 10, 11, 20 In re County of Erie, 473 F.3d 413 (2d Cir. 2 007) 14, 17
nal Intelligence, No. 16-2517 (CKK), 2020 WL 805380 (D.D.C. Feb. 18, 2020) 15 Maynard v. C.I.A., 986 F.2d 547 (1st Cir. 19 93) 5, 6 N.L.R.B. v. Robbins Tire & Rubber Co., 437 U.S. 214 (1 978) 7, 8, 12 N.Y. Times v. Dep of Justice, 872 F. Supp. 2d 309 (S.D.N.Y. 2012) 5 NAACP Legal Dtf & Educ. Fund, Inc. v. U.S. D
nny Crim. Investigation Command, 742 F. Supp. 2d 68 (D.D.C. 2010) 9 Hopkins v. U.S. Dep't of Hous. & Urban Dev., 929 F.2d 81 (2d Cir. 1991) 19 Human Rights Watch v. Dep't ofJustice & Fed. Bureau of Prisons, 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 123592 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 16, 2015) 9 Judicial Watch, Inc. v. U.S. Dep't of Commer
Raza v. Dep't ofJustice, 411 F.3d 350 (2d Cir. 2005) 6 iv EFTA00071627 Case 1:20-cv-00833-PAE Document 27 Filed 09/10/20 Page 5 of 29 NLRB v. Robbins Tire & Rubber Co., 437 U.S. 214, 227 (1978) 9, 10 NRDC v. EPA, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 124353 (S.D.N.Y. July 25, 2019) 20 Pratt v. Webster, 673 F.2d 408 (D.C. Cir
N.Y. 2002) 5 Grand Cent. P .ship v. Cuomo, 166 F.3d 473 (2d Cir. 1999) 13, 14 Hopkins v. U.S. Dept of Housing and Urban Dev., 929 F.2d 81 13 Human Rights Watch v BOP, No. 13-CV-7360 (JPO), 2015 WL 5459713 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 16, 2015) 9, 10, 11, 20 In re County of Erie, 473 F.3d 413 (2d Cir. 2 007) 14, 17
nal Intelligence, No. 16-2517 (CKK), 2020 WL 805380 (D.D.C. Feb. 18, 2020) 15 Maynard v. C.I.A., 986 F.2d 547 (1st Cir. 19 93) 5, 6 N.L.R.B. v. Robbins Tire & Rubber Co., 437 U.S. 214 (1 978) 7, 8, 12 N.Y. Times v. Dep of Justice, 872 F. Supp. 2d 309 (S.D.N.Y. 2012) 5 NAACP Legal Dtf & Educ. Fund, Inc. v. U.S. D
vacy, 181 F. Supp. 2d 356 (S.D.N.Y. 2002) 15 Halpern v. F.B.I., 181 F.3d 279 (2d Cir. 1999) 15 Hopkins v. HUD, 929 F.2d 81 (2d Cir. 1991) 12 Human Rights Watch v. BOP, No. 13-CV-7360 (JP0), 2015 WL 5459713 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 16, 2015) 7, 21 EFTA00088607 Case 1:20-cv-00833-PAE Document 41 Filed 01/15/21 Pag
07 F. Supp. 3d 334 (S.D.N.Y. 2019) 19 Kubik v. U.S. Fed. Bureau of Prisons, No. 10-6078-TC, 2011 WL 2619538 (D. Or. July 1, 2011) 19 N.L.R.B v. Robbins Tire & Rubber Co., 437 U.S. 214 (1978) 6 Nat? Archives & Records Admin. v. Favish, 541 U.S. 157 (2004) 11, 13, 14 New York Times Co. v. Dep't of Justice, No. 1
nny Crim. Investigation Command, 742 F. Supp. 2d 68 (D.D.C. 2010) 9 Hopkins v. U.S. Dep't of Hous. & Urban Dev., 929 F.2d 81 (2d Cir. 1991) 19 Human Rights Watch v. Dep't ofJustice & Fed. Bureau of Prisons, 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 123592 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 16, 2015) 9 Judicial Watch, Inc. v. U.S. Dep't of Commer
Raza v. Dep't ofJustice, 411 F.3d 350 (2d Cir. 2005) 6 iv EFTA00088704 Case 1:20-cv-00833-PAE Document 27 Filed 09/10/20 Page 5 of 29 NLRB v. Robbins Tire & Rubber Co., 437 U.S. 214, 227 (1978) 9, 10 NRDC v. EPA, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 124353 (S.D.N.Y. July 25, 2019) 20 Pratt v. Webster, 673 F.2d 408 (D.C. Cir
N.Y. 2002) 5 Grand Cent. P .ship v. Cuomo, 166 F.3d 473 (2d Cir. 1999) 13, 14 Hopkins v. U.S. Dept of Housing and Urban Dev., 929 F.2d 81 13 Human Rights Watch v BOP, No. 13-CV-7360 (JPO), 2015 WL 5459713 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 16, 2015) 9, 10, 11, 20 In re County of Erie, 473 F.3d 413 (2d Cir. 2 007) 14, 17
nal Intelligence, No. 16-2517 (CKK), 2020 WL 805380 (D.D.C. Feb. 18, 2020) 15 Maynard v. C.I.A., 986 F.2d 547 (1st Cir. 19 93) 5, 6 N.L.R.B. v. Robbins Tire & Rubber Co., 437 U.S. 214 (1 978) 7, 8, 12 N.Y. Times v. Dep of Justice, 872 F. Supp. 2d 309 (S.D.N.Y. 2012) 5 NAACP Legal Dtf & Educ. Fund, Inc. v. U.S. D
vacy, 181 F. Supp. 2d 356 (S.D.N.Y. 2002) 15 Halpern v. F.B.I., 181 F.3d 279 (2d Cir. 1999) 15 Hopkins v. HUD, 929 F.2d 81 (2d Cir. 1991) 12 Human Rights Watch v. BOP, No. 13-CV-7360 (JP0), 2015 WL 5459713 (S.D.N.Y. Sept. 16, 2015) 7, 21 EFTA00099600 Case 1:20-cv-00833-PAE Document 41 Filed 01/15/21 Pag
07 F. Supp. 3d 334 (S.D.N.Y. 2019) 19 Kubik v. U.S. Fed. Bureau of Prisons, No. 10-6078-TC, 2011 WL 2619538 (D. Or. July 1, 2011) 19 N.L.R.B v. Robbins Tire & Rubber Co., 437 U.S. 214 (1978) 6 Nat? Archives & Records Admin. v. Favish, 541 U.S. 157 (2004) 11, 13, 14 New York Times Co. v. Dep't of Justice, No. 1
Entities connected to both Human Rights Watch and Robbins Tire & Rubber Co.

Jeffrey Epstein
PERSON
United States
LOCATION
Department of Justice
ORGANIZATION
Julie K. Brown
PERSON
George W. Bush
PERSON
Prince Andrew
PERSON
The New York Times
ORGANIZATIONLeon Black
PERSONRadcliffe
PERSONNicholas Tartaglione
PERSON
Alberto Gonzales
PERSON
Donald Trump
PERSOND.C. Cir
ORGANIZATIONthe Southern District
LOCATION
THE NEW YORK TIMES COMPANY
ORGANIZATION
Doherty
PERSON
Hopkins
ORGANIZATION
Alan Dershowitz
PERSON
The Washington Post
ORGANIZATIONJudicial Watch, Inc.
ORGANIZATION