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In addition, various political figures and commentators have praised or come to the defense of despotic rulers including Abdel Fattah al-Sisi and Bashar al-Assad. 6. Modem authoritarians can be expected to dou- ble down on their drive to neuter civil society as an incubator of reformist ideas and political
o defend embattled allies like Syria's 8ashar al-Assad. There is also growing replica- tion of what migh
lead, with the state's asser- tion of authority over history textbooks and the process, encouraged by Putin, of reassessing the historical role of Joseph Stalin. • The hiring of political consultants and lobbyists from democratic countries to represent the interests of autocracies is a growing phenome- non
ts former secretary-general. The latest failure of the U.N. dream was Annan's mediating mission to Syria. For months, he tried to cajole President Bashar al-Assad into stopping the killing and starting a political transition that would avert civil war. To which he received the standard answer to well-meaning
Abdullah of Jordan back in 2004 of the danger of a Shia Crescent that would extend from the coast of Lebanon to Afghanistan. Hezbollah in Lebanon, Assad in Syria, and the Shia- controlled government of Iraq form the links in the chain. When the Arab Spring reached Syria, the leaders in Riyadh were gi
rter of European integration, from the Marshall Plan to the diplomacy around German reunification. No longer. Try as he might, Vladimir Putin is no Joseph Stalin. And these days, the United States has other priorities. Third, until the 1990s, the engine of European integration was the Federal Republic of Ge
ammad Suleiman, a top aide to President Bashar al-Assad who had been working with North Korea to build a
71 184 | HOW AMERICA LOST ITS SECRETS 2008. It revealed that a group of Israeli commandos killed General Muhammad Suleiman, a top aide to President Bashar al-Assad who had been working with North Korea to build a nuclear facil- ity in Syria. Israel had destroyed that facility in Operation Orchard nearly a year e
ired @ secret speech of Nikita Khrushchev to the Communist Party of the @ Soviet Union in 1956 exposing the transgressions of the previous regime of Joseph Stalin. Making public these deeds was meant by the CIA to sow discord both inside the Soviet Union and to disrupt its relations with its allies. General Ale
FH_Authoritarians_Report_2017.indd
he lead, with the state's asser- tion of authority over history textbooks and the process, encouraged by Putin, of reassessing the historical role of Joseph Stalin. ¢ The hiring of political consultants and lobbyists from democratic countries to represent the interests of autocracies is a growing phenome- non.
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_019236 →ns like the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe and the Organization of American States, and to defend embattled allies like Syria's Bashar al-Assad. There is also growing replica- tion of what might be called authoritarian best practices, vividly on display in the new Chinese law on nongovernment
Page: HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_019237 →Entities connected to both Bashar al-Assad and Joseph Stalin

Barack Obama
PERSON
George W. Bush
PERSON
United States
LOCATION
Lebanon
LOCATION
Bill Clinton
PERSON
Yemen
LOCATION
Marc Rich
PERSON
Jeffrey Epstein
PERSON
Vladimir Putin
PERSON
Hillary Clinton
PERSON
Donald Trump
PERSON
Department of Justice
ORGANIZATION
Bahrain
LOCATIONSinai
LOCATION
Prince Andrew
PERSONKremlin
ORGANIZATION
Ronald Reagan
PERSON
Recep Tayyip Erdogan
PERSONLeon Black
PERSON
Kuwait
LOCATION