Epstein Secrets

tion of adversary judicial proceedings against the defendant," than can the filing of an affidavit in support of a search warrant. United States v. Alvarado , 440 F.3d 191, 200 (4th Cir. 2006) (quoting United States v. Gouveia , 467 U.S. 180, 187, 189) (emphasis added). See also United States v. Langley

A00208518 of a criminal investigation "does not constitute a `case' within the meaning of the Fifth Amendment's Self- Incrimination Clause) (citing Blyew and Black's Law Dictionary). Finally, Congress's use of the definite article "the" in reference to the word "case" supports respondent's view that

t for Sixth Amendment right-to-counsel purposes, that a "prosecution" does not begin with the criminal complaint's filing. See P. United States v. Alvarado, 440 F.3d 191, 199-200 (4th Cir. 2006) ("The filing of a federal criminal complaint does not commence a formal prosecution."); see also, e.g., ‘I

Ct. 1994, 155 L.Ed.2d 984 (2003). Notably, in so holding, the Court drew on longstanding tradition, citing its now nearly 150-year-old decision in Blyew a United States for the proposition that the word "case" is synonymous with the word "cause" and "rnean[s] a proceeding in court, a suit, or action

ion of adversary judicial proceedings against the defendant," than can the filing of an affidavit in support of a search warrant. United States v. Alvarado, 440 F.3d 191, 200 (4th Cir. 2006) (quoting United States v. Gouveia, 467 U.S. 180, 187, 189) (emphasis added). See also United States v. Langley, 8

TA00230075 :••,7"• ,:f.,""•••••• Case 9:08-cv-80736-KAM Document 62 Entered on FLSD Docket 04/08/2011 Page 11 of 54 Incrimination Clause) (citing Blyew v. United States, 80 U.S. (13 Wall.) 581, 595 (1871), and Black's Law Dictionary). Finally, Congress's use of the definite article "the" in referen