Epstein Secrets

tional (continued) EFTA00156877 Table I. (continued) Study Purpose Design Sample Findings Summary Kogan (2004) Goodman-Brown. Edelstein. Goodman. Jones. and Gordon (2003) The purpose of this study was co identify factors chat influence the disclosures made by female survivors of USE in

elayed disclosures (Collin-Vezina, Sablonni, Palmer, & Milne, 2015; Crisma, Bascelli, Paci, & Romito, 2004; Easton, 2013; Goodman-Brown, Edelstein, Goodman, Jones, & Gordon, 2003; Hershkowitz, Lanes, & Lamb; 2007; Jonzon & Lindblad, 2004; McElvancy, 2015; Smith et al.. 2000). Incidence studies in the

d, 2004; McElvancy, 2015; Smith et al.. 2000). Incidence studies in the United States and Canada report decreasing CSA rates (Fallon et al., 2015; Finkelhor, Shattuck, Turner, & Hamby, 2014; Trocme et al., 2005, 2008), while at the same time global trends from systematic reviews and meta- analyses have

children about the CSA than supportive mothers do or fail to legitimate their children's al- legations, long-term memory may be adversely affected (Goodman, Quas, Battentran-Faunce, Riddlesberger, & Kuhn, 1994; Haden, Mayne, & Fivush, 1997). Furthermore, individ- uals abused by an emotionally close care

l touching, rape, oral sex, or intercourse (completed or attempted acts) that occurred before age 18 and with a person more than 4 years older (see Goodman et al.. 2003). Of the 103 individuals (2.3 males, 80 females) who completed all portions of Phase 3, 7 said they were never abused (although 3 of

he event and memory interview should engender better memory. Further- more, compared with females, males may be less likely to dis- close CSA (e.g., Finkelhor, Hotaling, Lewis, & Smith, 1990; Widom & Morris, 1997; but see Goodman et al., 2003) and may have less detailed autobiographical memories about emo

Poole and White, 1991), age (Goodman and Reed, 1986), and suggestive questioning (Leichtman and Ceci, 1995; see Ceci and Bruck, 1993 and Saywitz and Goodman. 1995, for reviews). In these experimental studies, the typical procedure is that a child is exposed to a controlled event, often a play session, a

this limitation further, many recent experimental investigations have utilized naturally occurring stressful events. In studies of this type (e.g. Goodman et at, 1991, 1994; Merritt et at, 1994) a full record is made of a naturally occurring stressful event, such as a painful medical procedure, and the

hat they were not to blame. All the girls in this study were between 8 and 14 years old when the abuse began. In a survey of 521 parents in Boston, Finkelhor (1984) found that 44% of childhood sexual abuse began in this age period. He ascertained, however, that sexual intercourse and oral—genital sexual

e included in child maltreatment samples (but see Eisen, Goodman. Qin. Davis, & Crayton, 2007: Masten et al., 2008; Mefinder, Barr- gemd. (menstad, & Goodman, 2013), likely limiting the upper range of psychopathology symptoms studied. Finally, especially for longitudinal research, attrition can affect re

suffered the most severe maltreatment. resulting in permanent removal from home, may not be included in child maltreatment samples (but see Eisen, Goodman. Qin. Davis, & Crayton, 2007: Masten et al., 2008; Mefinder, Barr- gemd. (menstad, & Goodman, 2013), likely limiting the upper range of psychopatho

ncerns disentangling the effects of victimization. The common occurrence of polyvictimization (i.e., experiencing many forms of child maltreatment; Finkelhor, Shat- tuck. 'Punier, Onnmd, & Hamby, 2011) and the risk that victims of maltreatment will be revictimized (e.g., West, Williams, & Siegel. anno) m

e disclosure experiences of male child sexual abuse survivors. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 25, 221 241. Goodman Brown, T. B., Edelstein, R. S., Goodman, G. S., Jones, D., & Gordon, D. S. (2003). Why children tell: A model of children's disclosure of sexual abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect, 27, 525 540

R., ... Goel, S. (2015). Ontario Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect 2013 (OIS 2013). Toronto, ON: Child Welfare Research Portal. Finkelhor, D., Shattuck, A., Turner, FL A., & Ilamby, S. L. (2014). Trends in children's exposure to violence, 2003 to 2011. JAMA Pediatrics, 168, 540 546. d

l adjustment following CSA disclosure (Everson. Hunter. Runyan, Edelson's. & Coulter, 1989; Sas, 1993), to their memory for stressful experiences (Goodman. Quas, Batterman-Faunce, Riddlesberger. & Kuhn. 1994), and to their maintenance of allegations across interviews (Bradley & Wood. 1996; Rieser, 199

of CSA disclosure is gen- der. Previous research suggests that compared with females, males are less likely to disclose (e.g., DeVoe & Faller, 1999; Finkelhor, Hotel- lag. Lewis. & Smith. 1990; Widom & Morris. 1997). Williams and Banyard (1997) uncovered significant gender differences when they compared d

elayed disclosures (Collin-VEzina, Sablonni, Palmer, & Milne, 2015; Crisma, Bascelli, Paci, & Romito, 2004; Easton, 2013; Goodman-Brown, Edelstein, Goodman, Jones, & Gordon, 2003; Hershkowitz, Lanes, & Lamb; 2007; Jonzon & Lindblad, 2004; McElvaney, 2015; Smith et al., 2000). Incidence studies in the

d, 2004; McElvaney, 2015; Smith et al., 2000). Incidence studies in the United States and Canada report decreasing CSA rates (Fallon et al., 2015; Finkelhor, Shattuck, Turner, & Hamby, 2014; Trocme et al., 2005, 2008), while at the same time global trends from systematic reviews and meta- analyses have