Cir.1986) 6 United States v. Litvak, 808 F.3d 160 (2d Cir. 2015) 10 United States v. Manapat, 928 F.2d 1097 (11th Cir.I991) 7 United States v. Naegele, 341 B.R. 349 (D.D.C. 2006) 8 United States v. Reveron Martinez, 836 F.2d 684 (1st Cir. 1988) 8 United States v. Ruedlinger, 990 F. Supp. 1295 (D