F.3d 1186 (2d Cir.1993) 5 Velez, No. 3:10CR147 JBA, 2010 WL 4929266 (D. Conn. Nov. 30, 2010) 3 Vickers, 708 F. App'x 732 (2d Cir. 2017) 28, 31 Von Foelkel, 136 F.3d 339 (2d Cir. 1998) 26 Walia, No. 14-CR-213 (MKB), 2014 WL 3734522 (S.D.N.Y. Jul. 25, 2014) 25 Williams, 506 F.3d 151 (2d Cir. 2007) 22